UMR EthoS, Ethologie animale et humaine, Université de Rennes, CNRS, Station Biologique de Paimpont, France.
Am J Primatol. 2010 Apr;72(4):360-75. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20791.
Sex differences in the vocal behavior of nonhuman primates can take various forms: sex-specific call types, differential production of shared call types, or sex discrepancy in phonation. Also, a growing literature is evidencing that systematically analyzing the vocal repertoires of primates at the call level might lead to underestimating their communicative abilities. Here, we present an extensive multi-level analysis of the still unknown vocal repertoire of adult red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus), with a special emphasis on sex differences. We collected recordings from seven adult males and seven adult females housed in captivity. We present a structurally-based classification of mangabey calls that we cross-validated by an analysis of the associated contexts of emission. We found 12 sound units (including six sex-specific) that were concatenated to form eight call types (including four sex-specific), which were produced either singularly or in sequences composed of one ("repetition") or several ("combination") call types. We extracted organizational principles that ruled call composition and calling patterns. This revealed a high degree of potentially meaningful variability in terms of semantics and syntax. Male-female discrepancy in terms of phonation could be related to morphological dimorphism and would enable listeners to behave appropriately according to the sex of the caller. Sex differences in repertoire size, structural gradation, and call usage could reflect specificities of male-female social roles. We discuss the pertinence of these sex differences according to social system and habitat quality.
非人类灵长类动物的发声行为存在性别差异，其表现形式多种多样，包括特定性别类型的叫声、共同叫声类型的差异产生，或发声的性别差异。此外，越来越多的文献表明，系统地分析灵长类动物的叫声类型可能会低估它们的交流能力。在这里，我们对成年红帽卷尾猴（Cercocebus torquatus）未知的发声行为进行了广泛的多层次分析，特别强调了性别差异。我们从圈养的 7 只成年雄性和 7 只成年雌性中收集了录音。我们提出了一种基于结构的卷尾猴叫声分类方法，并通过对排放相关背景的分析进行了交叉验证。我们发现了 12 个声音单元（包括 6 个特定于性别的），它们被串联成 8 种叫声类型（包括 4 种特定于性别的），这些叫声可以单独发出，也可以由一个（“重复”）或多个（“组合”）叫声类型组成的序列发出。我们提取了支配叫声组成和叫声模式的组织原则。这揭示了在语义和句法方面具有高度潜在意义的可变性。在发声方面的雌雄差异可能与形态学上的二态性有关，并使听众能够根据发声者的性别做出适当的反应。在音域大小、结构分级和叫声使用方面的性别差异可能反映了雌雄社会角色的特殊性。我们根据社会制度和栖息地质量讨论了这些性别差异的相关性。
