Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2010 Jan;46(1):230-44. doi: 10.1037/a0017100.
Fifty children 7 years of age (29 girls, 21 boys), 53 children 10 years of age (29 girls, 24 boys), and 36 young adults (19 women, 17 men) performed a computerized event-based prospective memory task. All 3 groups differed significantly in prospective memory performance, with adults showing the best performance and with 7-year-olds showing the poorest performance. We used a formal multinomial process tree model of event-based prospective memory to decompose age differences in cognitive processes that jointly contribute to prospective memory performance. The formal modeling results demonstrate that adults differed significantly from the 7-year-olds and the 10-year-olds on both the prospective component and the retrospective component of the task. The 7-year-olds and the 10-year-olds differed only in the ability to recognize prospective memory target events. The prospective memory task imposed a cost to ongoing activities in all 3 age groups.
五十名 7 岁儿童（29 名女孩，21 名男孩）、五十三名 10 岁儿童（29 名女孩，24 名男孩）和三十六名年轻人（19 名女性，17 名男性）完成了一项基于计算机的事件前瞻性记忆任务。所有三个组在前瞻性记忆表现上差异显著，成年人表现最好，7 岁儿童表现最差。我们使用基于事件的前瞻性记忆的正式多项式过程树模型来分解对前瞻性记忆表现有共同贡献的认知过程中的年龄差异。正式建模结果表明，成年人在任务的前瞻性和回溯性成分上与 7 岁儿童和 10 岁儿童差异显著。7 岁儿童和 10 岁儿童仅在识别前瞻性记忆目标事件的能力上存在差异。前瞻性记忆任务在所有三个年龄组中都对正在进行的活动造成了一定的影响。
