Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Vaccine. 2010 Mar 2;28(10):2214-2221. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.12.054. Epub 2010 Jan 5.
In 2006, the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the Norwegian Childhood Vaccination Programme in a 2+1 dose schedule; immunisations are administered at 3, 5 and 12 months. Changes in invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages from the baseline years 2004-2005 to 2008 were assessed, focusing on the indirect effect in the unvaccinated population. Following the introduction of PCV7, incidence rates of IPD caused by vaccine serotypes declined across all age groups, the decline being statistically significant for the age groups <5 years, 5-19 years, 40-64 years and > or = 65 years. In the unvaccinated population aged > or = 5 years the incidence rate of IPD caused by PCV7 serotypes declined by 48% from 12.34 cases/100,000 population to 6.44 cases/100,000 population, accounting for 74% of prevented cases of IPD in 2008. Among the adults aged > or = 65 years the incidence rate of IPD caused by serotypes not included in PCV7 increased. No vaccine failure was identified, indicating a very high effectiveness of the 2+1 dose schedule vaccination programme.
2006 年，七价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV7）在挪威儿童免疫接种计划中引入，采用 2+1 剂量方案；免疫接种在 3、5 和 12 个月时进行。评估了从基线年份 2004-2005 年到 2008 年所有年龄段侵袭性肺炎球菌病的变化，重点关注未接种人群的间接影响。PCV7 引入后，所有年龄组由疫苗血清型引起的 IPD 发病率均下降，<5 岁、5-19 岁、40-64 岁和≥65 岁年龄组的下降具有统计学意义。在≥5 岁的未接种人群中，由 PCV7 血清型引起的 IPD 发病率从 12.34 例/10 万人下降到 6.44 例/10 万人，占 2008 年 IPD 预防病例的 74%。在≥65 岁的成年人中，未包含在 PCV7 中的血清型引起的 IPD 发病率增加。未发现疫苗失效，表明 2+1 剂量方案疫苗接种计划的有效性非常高。
