Song Eric, Trosseille Xavier, Baudrit Pascal
LAB Peugeot-Citroën Renault, 132 Rue des Suisses, 92000 Nanterre, France.
Stapp Car Crash J. 2009 Nov;53:155-91. doi: 10.4271/2009-22-0006.
This study aims to investigate the relationship between the number of rib fractures and the thoracic deflection in side impact, and in particular its variability with respect to various loading configurations. The relevance of thoracic deflection as an injury criterion depends on the existence or not of this variability. Few studies were dedicated to this issue in the literature. First, a validation database was established, which covers different impact directions (frontal, lateral and oblique), different loading types (impactor, belt and airbag), and different injury levels (from the absence of, to presence of numerous ribs fractured). The HUMOS human body model was then modified and validated versus the database. Besides the typical validation in terms of global response, particular attention was paid to validate the model with respect to the ribcage strain profile, the occurrence of rib fractures and their locations. Some key features relative to the thorax modeling (such as the connection between the ribcage and the surrounding tissues) were also investigated. Using this model, the relationship between the rib fracture and thoracic deflection was studied versus loading type. It was demonstrated that this relationship does not change significantly from one loading type to another, supporting the thoracic deflection as a relevant indicator of ribcage injury level. In addition, the relationship between the thoracic response and the test severity (such as impact velocity or distance between airbag and subject), was also established for each kind of loading. These relationships, obtained over a unique subject, are free of uncertainty relative to cadaver scattering, measurement and autopsy. They provide a consistent characterization of thoracic injuries under various test conditions and therefore, can be used to guide cadaver test protocol development and result analysis.
本研究旨在探讨侧面碰撞中肋骨骨折数量与胸廓变形之间的关系，特别是其在各种加载配置下的变异性。胸廓变形作为损伤标准的相关性取决于这种变异性的存在与否。文献中很少有研究致力于这个问题。首先，建立了一个验证数据库，该数据库涵盖不同的碰撞方向（正面、侧面和斜向）、不同的加载类型（撞击器、安全带和安全气囊）以及不同的损伤程度（从无肋骨骨折到多根肋骨骨折）。然后对HUMOS人体模型进行修改并与该数据库进行验证。除了在整体响应方面的典型验证外，还特别关注在胸廓应变分布、肋骨骨折的发生及其位置方面对模型进行验证。还研究了一些与胸廓建模相关的关键特征（如胸廓与周围组织之间的连接）。使用该模型，研究了肋骨骨折与胸廓变形之间相对于加载类型的关系。结果表明，这种关系在不同加载类型之间没有显著变化，支持胸廓变形作为胸廓损伤程度的相关指标。此外，还针对每种加载建立了胸廓响应与试验严重程度（如撞击速度或安全气囊与受试者之间的距离）之间的关系。这些在单个受试者上获得的关系不存在与尸体散射、测量和尸检相关的不确定性。它们提供了各种试验条件下胸廓损伤的一致特征，因此可用于指导尸体试验方案的制定和结果分析。
