Barinskaia T O, Smirnov A V, Salomatin E M, Shaev A I
Sud Med Ekspert. 2009 Sep-Oct;52(5):23-7.
Ethanol elimination rate (beta60) was measured in different age groups of men and women following its single intake at a dose of 0.8 g/kg body weight (experiment 1) and 2 g/kg (experiment 2). Samples of capillary blood were collected 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, and 300 min (experiment 1) or 360 min after the termination of the intake (experiment 2). The phase of alcohol elimination was deduced from the kinetic curve. Each alcohol dose was consumed during 1-2 minutes or 1-1.5 hours (experiments 1 and 2 respectively). The value of (beta60) in experiment 1 was estimated at 0.17 +/- 0.04 per thousand/hour in young men aged between 18-26 years, 0.22 per thousand/hour in adult men of 32-48 years, and 0.21 per thousand/hour in women aged between 19-41 years. The difference between alcohol elimination rates in young and adult men on the one hand and between young men and women on the other hand was statistically significant (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively). In the second experiment, ethanol elimination rate was practically identical in men of the above age groups (0.16 +/- 0. 02 per thousand/hour) and significantly higher than in 64-66 year-old men (0.14 +/- 0.03 per thousand/hour). The values of ethanol elimination rate in men of group 2 calculated by the Weedmark formula proved underestimated by 17 +/- 5% regardless of their age. Men of both age groups included in experiment 1 showed an alcohol excretion rate overestimated by 8 +/- 5% and 31 +/- 6% respectively compared with 10 +/- 7% in women. It is suggested that a single intake of alcohol may lead to an instantaneous rise in the hepatic concentration of ethanol unrelated to the consumed amount that however affects its metabolic rate. It is concluded that the duration of ethanol intake has greater effect on the rate of its elimination from the body than the amount of consumed alcohol, especially in alcohol-tolerant subjects.
在男性和女性的不同年龄组中，分别以0.8 g/kg体重（实验1）和2 g/kg体重（实验2）的剂量单次摄入乙醇后，测量乙醇消除率（β60）。在摄入结束后20、40、60、90、120和300分钟（实验1）或360分钟（实验2）采集毛细血管血样。根据动力学曲线推断酒精消除阶段。每次酒精剂量分别在1 - 2分钟（实验1）或1 - 1.5小时（实验2）内饮用完毕。实验1中，18 - 26岁的年轻男性的（β60）值估计为每千分之0.17±0.04/小时，32 - 48岁的成年男性为每千分之0.22/小时，19 - 41岁的女性为每千分之0.21/小时。一方面，年轻男性和成年男性之间的酒精消除率差异，以及另一方面年轻男性和女性之间的酒精消除率差异具有统计学意义（分别为p < 0.01和p < 0.05）。在第二个实验中,上述年龄组男性的乙醇消除率实际上相同（每千分之0.16±0.02/小时），且显著高于64 - 66岁男性（每千分之0.14±0.03/小时）。无论年龄如何，用韦马克公式计算的第2组男性的乙醇消除率值被证明低估了17±5%。与女性的10±7%相比，实验1中纳入的两个年龄组的男性的酒精排泄率分别高估了8±5%和31±6%。建议单次摄入酒精可能会导致肝脏中乙醇浓度瞬间升高，这与摄入量无关，但会影响其代谢率。得出的结论是，乙醇摄入的持续时间对其从体内消除的速率影响比摄入的酒精量更大，尤其是在耐酒精的受试者中。
