Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Nutrition. 2010 May;26(5):508-14. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.08.025. Epub 2010 Jan 8.
An increasing number of studies in Western countries have shown that living in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with unfavorable dietary intake patterns and health status. However, information on such neighborhood socioeconomic differences in diet and health among different cultural settings, including Japan, is limited. This cross-sectional study examined the association of neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) with dietary intake and a summary score of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in a group of young Japanese women.
Subjects were 1081 female Japanese dietetic students aged 18 to 22 y residing in 295 municipalities in Japan. Neighborhood SES index was defined by seven municipal-level variables, namely unemployment, household overcrowding, poverty, education, income, home ownership, and vulnerable group, with an increasing index signifying increasing neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage. Dietary intake was estimated using a validated, comprehensive self-administered diet-history questionnaire. Measurements of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose, and insulin were combined into an IRS score, with an increasing score signifying increasing levels of components of the IRS.
Neighborhood SES index was not associated with most of the dietary variables, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, or glucose. However, neighborhood SES index was significantly positively associated with systolic blood pressure, insulin, and IRS score, after adjustment for potential confounding or mediating factors, including household SES, dietary, and lifestyle factors.
Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with unfavorable profiles of the IRS score, but not dietary intake, in a group of young Japanese women.
越来越多的西方国家研究表明，居住在社会经济地位较低的社区与不良的饮食模式和健康状况有关。然而，在包括日本在内的不同文化背景下，关于这种社区社会经济差异对饮食和健康的影响的信息有限。本横断面研究调查了社区社会经济地位（SES）与饮食摄入以及胰岛素抵抗综合征（IRS）综合评分在一组年轻日本女性中的相关性。
研究对象为居住在日本 295 个市的 1081 名 18 至 22 岁的日本饮食学生。社区 SES 指数由 7 个市级变量定义，即失业、家庭拥挤、贫困、教育、收入、住房拥有率和弱势群体，指数越高表示社区社会经济劣势越严重。饮食摄入通过验证的综合自我管理饮食史问卷进行评估。身体质量指数、收缩压、空腹高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油、葡萄糖和胰岛素的测量值组合成 IRS 评分，评分越高表示 IRS 成分水平越高。
社区 SES 指数与大多数饮食变量、身体质量指数、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油或葡萄糖无关。然而，在调整了家庭 SES、饮食和生活方式等潜在混杂或中介因素后，社区 SES 指数与收缩压、胰岛素和 IRS 评分呈显著正相关。
在一组年轻的日本女性中，社会经济地位较低的社区与 IRS 评分的不利特征有关，而与饮食摄入无关。
