Oono Fumi, Murakami Kentaro, Uenishi Kazuhiro, Fujiwara Aya, Shinozaki Nana, Sasaki Satoshi
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2025 Feb;34(1):91-103. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202502_34(1).0009.
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine associations between diet quality scores and adverse cardiometabolic status in young Japanese women.
In total, 1084 female dietetics students aged 18-22 years completed a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Score for Japanese (DQSJ), Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (AMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score (DASH), and Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top score (JFGST). Adverse cardiometabolic status was defined as the highest quartile of the sum of z scores for waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (multiplied by -1), triacylglycerol, glucose, and insulin.
After adjustment for potential confounding factors, adverse cardiometabolic status was significantly associated with all the diet quality scores except for AMED, with adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) in the highest quartile compared with the lowest of 0.39 (0.25-0.61) for DQSJ, 0.40 (0.26-0.61) for DASH, 0.44 (0.30-0.66) for AHEI-2010, 0.59 (0.39-0.88) for HEI-2015, 0.67 (0.45-0.99) for JFGST, and 0.80 (0.54-1.18) for AMED. Associations with each of the cardiometabolic risk factors were most prominent for AHEI-2010 (significant associations with all factors except triacylglycerol), followed by DQSJ (significant associations with all factors except triacylglycerol and glucose).
This cross-sectional study of young Japanese women showed associations between several diet quality scores and cardiometabolic status. These associations should be confirmed in other populations, prospectively where possible.
这项横断面研究旨在探讨日本年轻女性的饮食质量得分与不良心脏代谢状况之间的关联。
共有1084名年龄在18 - 22岁的女性营养学专业学生完成了一份经过验证的自我管理饮食史问卷。饮食质量采用日本饮食质量评分（DQSJ）、健康饮食指数 - 2015（HEI - 2015）、替代健康饮食指数 - 2010（AHEI - 2010）、替代地中海饮食评分（AMED）、终止高血压饮食方法评分（DASH）以及日本食物指南陀螺评分（JFGST）进行评估。不良心脏代谢状况定义为腰围、收缩压和舒张压、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（乘以 -1）、甘油三酯、葡萄糖和胰岛素的z分数总和处于最高四分位数。
在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，除AMED外，不良心脏代谢状况与所有饮食质量得分均显著相关，最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比，DQSJ的调整比值比（95%置信区间）为0.39（0.25 - 0.61），DASH为0.40（0.26 - 0.61），AHEI - 2010为0.44（0.30 - 0.66），HEI - 2015为0.59（0.39 - 0.88），JFGST为0.67（0.45 - 0.99），AMED为0.80（0.54 - 1.18）。与各心脏代谢危险因素的关联在AHEI - 2010中最为显著（与除甘油三酯外的所有因素均有显著关联），其次是DQSJ（与除甘油三酯和葡萄糖外的所有因素均有显著关联）。
这项针对日本年轻女性的横断面研究显示了几种饮食质量得分与心脏代谢状况之间的关联。这些关联应在其他人群中进行前瞻性验证，如有可能的话。
