Murakami Kentaro, Sasaki Satoshi, Takahashi Yoshiko, Uenishi Kazuhiro
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Nutrition. 2009 Jun;25(6):640-6. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.01.002. Epub 2009 Feb 28.
Information on the association between the local food environment and the diet of individuals is limited, particularly in settings with high population density and, hence, high food-store density, such as Japan. This cross-sectional study examined the association between neighborhood food-store availability and individual food intake in a group of young Japanese women.
Participants were 990 female Japanese dietetic students 18-22 y of age. Neighborhood food-store availability was defined as the number of food stores within a 1-km mesh-block of residence, derived from the census of commerce. Dietary intake was estimated using a validated, comprehensive self-administered diet-history questionnaire.
After adjustment for potential confounding factors, including household socioeconomic status, geographic variables, and the frequency of eating out, neighborhood store availability for confectioneries and bread (based on confectionery stores/bakeries, supermarkets, and grocery and convenience stores) was significantly positively associated with the intake of confectioneries and bread. No significant independent association was seen between neighborhood store availability for the other foods examined, including meat (meat stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores), fish (fish stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores), fruit and vegetables (fruit/vegetable stores, supermarkets, and grocery stores), and rice (rice stores, supermarkets, and grocery and convenience stores) with intake of each food.
In a group of young Japanese women, increasing neighborhood store availability for confectioneries and bread was independently associated with higher intake of confectioneries and bread. In contrast, no association between availability and intake was seen for meat, fish, fruit and vegetables, or rice.
关于当地食物环境与个人饮食之间关联的信息有限，尤其是在人口密度高且因此食品店密度也高的地区，如日本。这项横断面研究调查了日本年轻女性群体中邻里食品店可及性与个人食物摄入量之间的关联。
参与者为990名年龄在18至22岁的日本女性营养学专业学生。邻里食品店可及性定义为居住的1公里网格街区内的食品店数量，数据来源于商业普查。饮食摄入量通过一份经过验证的、全面的自我管理饮食史问卷进行评估。
在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，包括家庭社会经济地位、地理变量和外出就餐频率，糖果和面包的邻里店铺可及性（基于糖果店/面包店、超市以及杂货店和便利店）与糖果和面包的摄入量显著正相关。在所研究的其他食物的邻里店铺可及性与每种食物摄入量之间，未发现显著的独立关联，这些食物包括肉类（肉店、超市以及杂货店）、鱼类（鱼店、超市以及杂货店）、水果和蔬菜（果蔬店、超市以及杂货店）以及大米（米店、超市以及杂货店和便利店）。
在一组日本年轻女性中，邻里糖果店和面包店可及性的增加与糖果和面包摄入量的增加独立相关。相比之下，肉类、鱼类、水果和蔬菜或大米的可及性与摄入量之间未发现关联。
