Vliegen Nicole, Luyten Patrick, Besser Avi, Casalin Sara, Kempke Stefan, Tang Eileen
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2010 Jan;198(1):45-51. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181c8aa57.
This prospective longitudinal study investigated the role of the personality dimensions of dependency and self-criticism in the course of depressive symptoms in a sample of inpatient severely postpartum depressed mothers (n = 55). Depressive symptoms and personality were measured during hospitalization and on average 3 1/2 years later. In line with previous research, a considerable subgroup of mothers (39%) reported moderate to severe symptoms of depression at time 2. In addition, although these mothers did not exhibit more depressive episodes during follow-up period compared with mothers with a less chronic course of depression, their depressive episodes were considerably longer, and they had higher levels of severity of depression as well as of dependency and self-criticism at Time 1. Finally, self-criticism, but not dependency, assessed at Time 1, predicted both depression diagnosis and levels of depression at follow-up, supporting a vulnerability model positing that self-criticism confers vulnerability for depression over time.
这项前瞻性纵向研究调查了依赖和自我批评这两个人格维度在一组住院的重度产后抑郁母亲（n = 55）抑郁症状发展过程中的作用。在住院期间以及平均3年半后对抑郁症状和人格进行了测量。与之前的研究一致，相当一部分母亲（39%）在第二次测量时报告有中度至重度抑郁症状。此外，尽管与抑郁病程较短的母亲相比，这些母亲在随访期间没有表现出更多的抑郁发作，但她们的抑郁发作持续时间长得多，并且在第一次测量时，她们的抑郁严重程度以及依赖和自我批评水平更高。最后，在第一次测量时评估的自我批评而非依赖，预测了随访时的抑郁诊断和抑郁水平，这支持了一个易感性模型，该模型认为随着时间的推移，自我批评会使人易患抑郁症。
