Golshiri Ali, Shabani Ziba, Mokhtaree Mohammad R, Sayadi Ahmad R, Faezi Hadi
ENT Department, Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Saudi Med J. 2010 Jan;31(1):25-8.
To determine the effect of opium smoking cessation on the frequency and type of microorganisms in the nasopharynx of opium smokers.
This cross-sectional study was performed in the Psychiatry, and Ear, Nose, and Throat Departments, Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran from June to November 2008. Nasopharyngeal cultures were taken from 50 opium smokers before, and 2-3 months after cessation of opium smoking. Potential pathogens were identified. Patients were not advised to change their number of cigarettes, and we used methadone for the substitution of opium.
Eight potential pathogens were isolated from nasopharyngeal cultures obtained from 43 individuals before opium smoking cessation, and 4 were recovered from 33 individuals after cessation (p=0.03). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus alpha hemolytic, and Staphylococcus aureus were not found in the second culture. The most sensitivity to antibiotics was for ceftriaxone (84%), ciprofloxacin (74%), and cloxacillin (72%), and the most resistance for amoxicillin (26%) and the least resistance for chloramphenicol.
Some potential pathogens decrease or are even absent after opium cessation. Opium smoking affects the nasopharyngeal flora.
确定戒烟对鸦片吸食者鼻咽部微生物的频率和类型的影响。
本横断面研究于2008年6月至11月在伊朗拉夫桑詹医科大学拉夫桑詹莫拉迪医院的精神科、耳鼻喉科进行。从50名鸦片吸食者戒烟前及戒烟2 - 3个月后采集鼻咽部培养物。鉴定潜在病原体。未建议患者改变吸烟数量，且我们使用美沙酮替代鸦片。
在43名个体戒烟前采集的鼻咽部培养物中分离出8种潜在病原体，戒烟后在33名个体中检出4种（p = 0.03）。第二次培养未发现肺炎链球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、甲型溶血性链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。对抗生素最敏感的是头孢曲松（84%）、环丙沙星（74%）和氯唑西林（72%），对阿莫西林耐药性最高（26%），对氯霉素耐药性最低。
戒烟后一些潜在病原体减少甚至消失。吸食鸦片会影响鼻咽部菌群。
