戒烟对鼻咽部微生物群落的影响。
Effects of opium smoking cessation on the nasopharyngeal microbial flora.
作者信息
Golshiri Ali, Mokhtaree Mohammad Reza, Shabani Ziba, Tabatabaee Sayed Taghi, Rahnama Amir, Moradi Mohammad, Sayadi Ahamad Reza, Faezi Hadi
机构信息
Assistant Professor of Otorhinolaryngology and Chief of Moradi Hospital, Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Hospital Infection Control Nurse, Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
出版信息
Addict Health. 2009 Summer;1(1):1-4.
BACKGROUND
To determine the effect of opium smoking cessation on the frequency and type of microorganisms in the nasopharynx of opium smokers.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study performed in psychology and ENT department of Moradi Hospital of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2008 (Kerman, Iran). Nasopharyngeal cultures were taken from 50 opium smokers before and 2 to 3 months after cessation of opium smoking. Potential pathogens were identified.
FINDINGS
Eight potential pathogens were isolated from nasopharyngeal cultures obtained from 43 individuals before opium smoking cessation, and 4 were recovered from 33 individuals after cessation (P < 0.0001). Streptococcus pneumonia, staphylococcus saprofiticus, streptococos α hemolytic, and staphylococcus aureus in 2(nd) culture were not seen. The most sensitivity to antibiotics was related to ceftriaxone (84%), ciprofloxacin (74%) and cloxacillin (72%); the most resistance was to amoxicillin (26%) and the least resistance was to chloramphenicol.
CONCLUSION
In our study, some potential pathogens decreased or even disapeared after opium cessation. Our patients have not been advised to change their number of cigarettes. We have used methadone pill for substitution of opium. It seems that opium smoking affects nasopharyngeal flora.
背景
确定戒烟对鸦片吸食者鼻咽部微生物的频率和种类的影响。
方法
这是一项于2008年在拉夫桑詹医科大学莫拉迪医院心理科和耳鼻喉科进行的横断面研究（伊朗克尔曼）。在50名鸦片吸食者戒烟前及戒烟后2至3个月采集鼻咽部培养物。鉴定潜在病原体。
结果
在43名个体戒烟前采集的鼻咽部培养物中分离出8种潜在病原体，戒烟后在33名个体中分离出4种（P < 0.0001）。第二次培养中未发现肺炎链球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、α溶血性链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。对抗生素最敏感的是头孢曲松（84%）、环丙沙星（74%）和氯唑西林（72%）；耐药性最强的是阿莫西林（26%），耐药性最弱的是氯霉素。
结论
在我们的研究中，戒烟后一些潜在病原体减少甚至消失。我们未建议患者改变吸烟数量。我们使用美沙酮药丸替代鸦片。似乎吸食鸦片会影响鼻咽部菌群。
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