Le Huray Jonathan D, Holger Schutkowski, Michael Richards
University of Bradford, Department of Archaeological Sciences, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
Acta Univ Carol Med Monogr. 2009;156:145-52.
Unlike traditional methods of examining past diet, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen (delta13C, delta15N) can be used to examine diet at the level of the individual and make interpretations based on differences observed between individuals and groups. This method, which reflects the overall protein intake of the last 10-30 years of an individual's lifetime, can be used to examine trophic level, the relative contribution of marine foods, and also the relative contribution of plant foods following the C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways. Interim data from two La Tène inhumation cemeteries in Bohemia (Kutná Hora and Radovesice II) and four Hallstatt tumulus burials from northern Austria (Stadlau, Gosinfürth bei Amstetten, Slemschek and Rohrendorf) suggest that during the La Tène in Bohemia, overall diet was based on animal protein and plant foods following the C3 photosynthetic pathway with at least some input of plant foods following the C4 photosynthetic pathway (millet). At both Kutná Hora and Radovesice II differences in delta15N values can be seen between males buried with and without items of iron weaponry, suggesting a dietary difference based on "warrior" status. This data can be combined with stable isotope data from the four Hallstatt sites in northern Austria and previously published data from a Hallstatt site at Magdalenska gora in Slovenia (Murray and Schoeninger 1988) to trace the spread of millet in prehistoric Europe.
与传统的研究过去饮食的方法不同，对骨胶原进行碳和氮稳定同位素分析（δ13C、δ15N）可用于在个体层面研究饮食，并根据个体与群体之间观察到的差异进行解读。这种方法反映了个体一生中最后10至30年的总体蛋白质摄入量，可用于研究营养级、海洋食物的相对贡献，以及遵循C3和C4光合途径的植物性食物的相对贡献。来自波希米亚的两个拉坦诺时期土葬墓地（库特纳霍拉和拉多韦西采二世）以及奥地利北部的四个哈尔施塔特时期土墩墓葬（施塔德劳、阿姆施泰滕附近的戈辛富尔特、斯莱姆舍克和罗伦多夫）的中期数据表明，在波希米亚的拉坦诺时期，总体饮食以动物蛋白和遵循C3光合途径的植物性食物为主，同时至少有一些遵循C4光合途径的植物性食物（小米）的摄入。在库特纳霍拉和拉多韦西采二世，陪葬有铁制武器和没有陪葬铁制武器的男性之间的δ15N值存在差异，这表明饮食差异与“战士”身份有关。这些数据可以与奥地利北部四个哈尔施塔特遗址的稳定同位素数据以及先前发表的来自斯洛文尼亚马格达伦斯卡戈拉的一个哈尔施塔特遗址的数据（默里和舍宁格，1988年）相结合，以追溯小米在史前欧洲的传播情况。
