Waśkiewicz Anna, Sygnowska Elzbieta
Zakład Epidemiologii, Prewencji Chorób Układu Krazenia i Promocji Zdrowia, Instytut Kardiologii, Warszawa.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2009;60(3):275-8.
Some vitamins and minerals play an important role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of this study was the assessment of dietary vitamins and minerals intake and patterns of supplement use among subjects with diagnosed CVD in Polish population. Within the frame of the WOBASZ study, a representative sample of whole Polish population aged 20-74 (7257 subjects) was screened in 2003-2005. A subsample of 803 persons with a clinical history of cardiovascular events was analyzed. It was found, that the average diet of adult Polish citizens with established CVD was not balanced concerning the intake of vitamins and minerals. Daily intake of antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) and vitamin B12 was satisfactory the realization degree of recommended dietary allowances (RDA) was about 126-310%. The insufficient amounts of vitamins B1, B2, folates, as well as potassium, calcium, magnesium in diet of both genders and vitamin B6 in men and iron in women were noted. The highest deficiency has been noticed in vitamins B1, B2 and calcium and magnesium intake--the realization degree of RDA has stayed on 54-82% level. Around 1% of potassium, calcium and magnesium intake in both genders and more than 25% of vitamins E and B6 consumption in women derived from the supplementation.
一些维生素和矿物质在心血管疾病（CVD）的二级预防中发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是评估波兰人群中已确诊患有CVD的受试者的膳食维生素和矿物质摄入量以及补充剂使用模式。在WOBASZ研究框架内，2003年至2005年对波兰20 - 74岁的全体代表性人群（7257名受试者）进行了筛查。对803名有心血管事件临床病史的子样本进行了分析。结果发现，患有已确诊CVD的成年波兰公民的平均饮食在维生素和矿物质摄入方面不均衡。抗氧化维生素（A、C和E）和维生素B12的每日摄入量令人满意，推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）的实现程度约为126% - 310%。注意到男女饮食中维生素B1、B2、叶酸以及钾、钙、镁的含量不足，男性维生素B6和女性铁的摄入量也不足。维生素B1、B2以及钙和镁的摄入量缺乏最为严重，RDA的实现程度维持在54% - 82%的水平。男女钾、钙和镁摄入量的约1%以及女性维生素E和B6摄入量的超过25%来自补充剂。
