Luo Hong-Bing, Luo Lin, Huang Gu, He Qiang, Liu Ping
College of Urban and Rural Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Du Jiangyan 611830, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2009 Nov;30(11):3227-35.
The urban stormwater runoff discharged to urban river, especially to rainfall source river, cannot be ignored. In this study, the Futian River watershed in Shenzhen city in a typical southern city of China is taken as the research object. In order to guide the pollution control for urban river, the eighteen rainfall events were monitored, and the total pollution features of the urban runoff outlet for this urban river were analyzed and discussed by using the process of pollutographs, the identifying to first flush, event mean concentration (EMC), etc. Results show that the concentrations of COD, SS, TN, TP and BOD5 are ten times more than the grade V of the environmental quality standards for surface water during the runoff time; the pollution caused by heavy metals (Cr, Ge, Cu, Hg and As) in runoff at a typical rainfall event is serious; the average and range of pollutant concentration at this runoff outlet in study area are evidently higher than at Shapingba in Chongqing city of China and at Silerwood in Canada, but are lower than at Shilipu in Wuhan city of China. The first flushes of COD, SS, BOD5, especially COD and SS, are evident, but the TN and TP are not. The average EMC of COD, TN, TP and BOD5 are 224.14, 571.15, 5.223, 2.04, 143.5 mg/L, respectively. To some extent, the EMC of COD is about two times of the value of the near cities, Macao and Zhuhai. The EMC of TN and TP are obviously higher than Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai. To compared with foreign counties, the EMC of the study area in Shenzhen is obviously much higher than the cities of Korean, USA and Canada. So the total pollution caused by the urban surface runoff in study area is serious and necessary to be treated.
排入城市河流的城市雨水径流，尤其是降雨源河流，不容忽视。本研究以中国典型南方城市深圳市的福田河流域为研究对象。为指导城市河流污染控制，对18场降雨事件进行了监测，并利用污染物过程线、初冲刷识别、事件平均浓度（EMC）等方法，对该城市河流城市径流排放口的污染特征进行了分析和讨论。结果表明，径流期间化学需氧量（COD）、悬浮物（SS）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和生化需氧量（BOD5）的浓度比地表水环境质量标准Ⅴ类高出10倍；典型降雨事件中径流中重金属（铬、锗、铜、汞和砷）造成的污染严重；研究区域内该径流排放口污染物浓度的平均值和范围明显高于中国重庆市沙坪坝区和加拿大的锡尔伍德，但低于中国武汉市的十里铺。COD、SS、BOD5的初冲刷现象明显，尤其是COD和SS，但TN和TP不明显。COD、TN、TP和BOD5的平均EMC分别为224.14、571.15、5.223、2.04、143.5mg/L。在一定程度上，COD的EMC约为附近城市澳门和珠海的两倍。TN和TP的EMC明显高于北京、广州和上海。与国外城市相比，深圳研究区域的EMC明显高于韩国、美国和加拿大的城市。因此，研究区域城市地表径流造成的污染总量严重，需要进行治理。
