Ndao Momar
National Reference Centre for Parasitology, McGill University Centre for Tropical Diseases, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue R3-137, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009;2009:278246. doi: 10.1155/2009/278246. Epub 2009 Dec 30.
Methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases have stagnated in the last 20-30 years. Few major advances in clinical diagnostic testing have been made since the introduction of PCR, although new technologies are being investigated. Many tests that form the backbone of the "modern" microbiology laboratory are based on very old and labour-intensive technologies such as microscopy for malaria. Pressing needs include more rapid tests without sacrificing sensitivity, value-added tests, and point-of-care tests for both high- and low-resource settings. In recent years, research has been focused on alternative methods to improve the diagnosis of parasitic diseases. These include immunoassays, molecular-based approaches, and proteomics using mass spectrometry platforms technology. This review summarizes the progress in new approaches in parasite diagnosis and discusses some of the merits and disadvantages of these tests.
在过去的20至30年里，传染病的诊断方法一直停滞不前。自聚合酶链反应（PCR）问世以来，临床诊断检测几乎没有取得重大进展，尽管新技术仍在研究之中。构成“现代”微生物学实验室核心的许多检测方法都基于非常古老且劳动强度大的技术，比如疟疾显微镜检查。迫切需要的是在不牺牲灵敏度的前提下实现更快速的检测、增值检测以及针对高资源和低资源环境的即时检测。近年来，研究集中在改进寄生虫病诊断的替代方法上。这些方法包括免疫测定、基于分子的方法以及使用质谱平台技术的蛋白质组学。本综述总结了寄生虫诊断新方法的进展，并讨论了这些检测方法的一些优缺点。
