Centre for Physiotherapy Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Ergonomics. 2010 Jan;53(1):65-73. doi: 10.1080/00140130903389027.
Shearing is a rural occupation developing considerable spinal loads and carrying a high risk of low back pain (LBP). Although the workforce has a skill structure, interaction between skill, spinal loads and LBP is unknown. We examined whether skill and LBP influenced trunk postures and loads within a sample of 80 shearers representing shear skill levels. A progression from junior to open class demonstrated a 100% increase in productivity, less time in severe flexion, more time in neutral lateral bend, and more time in axially twisted postures, with no increase in cumulative compressive and anterior shear forces. LBP prevalence increased linearly from 10% for junior through to 76% for open class shearers. Shearers with a history of LBP generated greater cumulative right medio-lateral shear forces, greater left lateral bend and left axial twist moments. Skill-based training that reduces asymmetric forces may help reduce such high prevalence levels of LBP. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Shearing is an important and physically demanding rural occupation. It requires sustained flexed postures that generate considerable spinal loads and a high risk of LBP. This research examines how skill and a history of LBP it carries interact to influence trunk postures and spinal loads within a sample of shearers.
剪切是一项农村职业，会产生相当大的脊柱负荷，并有患腰痛（LBP）的高风险。尽管劳动力具有技能结构，但技能、脊柱负荷和 LBP 之间的相互作用尚不清楚。我们检查了技能和 LBP 是否会影响代表剪切技能水平的 80 名剪切工样本中的躯干姿势和负荷。从初级到开放级别的发展表明生产力提高了 100%，严重屈曲的时间减少，中性横向弯曲的时间增加，轴向扭曲的姿势增加，累积压缩力和前剪切力没有增加。腰痛的患病率从初级工人的 10%线性增加到开放级工人的 76%。有腰痛病史的剪切工产生的累积右侧横向剪切力更大，左侧横向弯曲和左侧轴向扭转力矩更大。基于技能的培训可以减少不对称力，可能有助于降低如此高的腰痛患病率。相关性陈述：剪切是一项重要且体力要求高的农村职业。它需要持续的弯曲姿势，会产生相当大的脊柱负荷，并增加腰痛的风险。这项研究检查了技能和与之相关的腰痛病史如何相互作用，影响剪切工样本中的躯干姿势和脊柱负荷。
