2007-2008 年美国儿童和青少年中高身体质量指数的流行率。

Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007-2008.

机构信息

National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.

出版信息

JAMA. 2010 Jan 20;303(3):242-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.2012. Epub 2010 Jan 13.

DOI:10.1001/jama.2009.2012

PMID:20071470

Abstract

CONTEXT

The prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents in the United States appeared to plateau between 1999 and 2006.

OBJECTIVES

To provide the most recent estimates of high BMI among children and adolescents and high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers and to analyze trends in prevalence between 1999 and 2008.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2008, a representative sample of the US population with measured heights and weights on 3281 children and adolescents (2 through 19 years of age) and 719 infants and toddlers (birth to 2 years of age).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Prevalence of high weight for recumbent length (> or = 95th percentile of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts) among infants and toddlers. Prevalence of high BMI among children and adolescents defined at 3 levels: BMI for age at or above the 97th percentile, at or above the 95th percentile, and at or above the 85th percentile of the BMI-for-age growth charts. Analyses of trends by age, sex, and race/ethnicity from 1999-2000 to 2007-2008.

RESULTS

In 2007-2008, 9.5% of infants and toddlers (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.3%-11.7%) were at or above the 95th percentile of the weight-for-recumbent-length growth charts. Among children and adolescents aged 2 through 19 years, 11.9% (95% CI, 9.8%-13.9%) were at or above the 97th percentile of the BMI-for-age growth charts; 16.9% (95% CI, 14.1%-19.6%) were at or above the 95th percentile; and 31.7% (95% CI, 29.2%-34.1%) were at or above the 85th percentile of BMI for age. Prevalence estimates differed by age and by race/ethnic group. Trend analyses indicate no significant trend between 1999-2000 and 2007-2008 except at the highest BMI cut point (BMI for age > or = 97th percentile) among all 6- through 19-year-old boys (odds ratio [OR], 1.52; 95% CI, 1.17-2.01) and among non-Hispanic white boys of the same age (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.22-2.94).

CONCLUSION

No statistically significant linear trends in high weight for recumbent length or high BMI were found over the time periods 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, and 2007-2008 among girls and boys except among the very heaviest 6- through 19-year-old boys.

摘要

背景

美国儿童和青少年的高身体质量指数（BMI）似乎在 1999 年至 2006 年之间达到了稳定水平。

目的

提供儿童和青少年中高 BMI 和婴儿和幼儿中高卧位长度体重的最新估计，并分析 1999 年至 2008 年期间的流行趋势。

设计、地点和参与者：2007-2008 年全国健康和营养调查，这是美国人口的代表性样本，对 3281 名儿童和青少年（2 至 19 岁）和 719 名婴儿和幼儿（出生至 2 岁）进行了身高和体重的测量。

主要结果测量

婴儿和幼儿卧位长度大于等于 95 百分位（疾病控制和预防中心生长图表）的高体重流行率。儿童和青少年高 BMI 的定义为 3 个水平：年龄身高 BMI 等于或高于第 97 百分位、等于或高于第 95 百分位和等于或高于 BMI 年龄生长图表的第 85 百分位。1999-2000 年至 2007-2008 年按年龄、性别和种族/民族进行趋势分析。

结果

2007-2008 年，9.5%（95%置信区间[CI]，7.3%-11.7%）的婴儿和幼儿体重达到或超过卧位长度体重增长图表的第 95 百分位。在 2 至 19 岁的儿童和青少年中，11.9%（95%CI，9.8%-13.9%）达到或超过 BMI 年龄增长图表的第 97 百分位；16.9%（95%CI，14.1%-19.6%）达到或超过第 95 百分位；31.7%（95%CI，29.2%-34.1%）达到或超过 BMI 年龄的第 85 百分位。患病率估计值因年龄和种族/族裔群体而异。趋势分析表明，除了所有 6 至 19 岁男孩（比值比[OR]，1.52；95%CI，1.17-2.01）和同年龄非西班牙裔白人男孩（OR，1.87；95%CI，1.22-2.94）中最高 BMI 切点（年龄身高 BMI 大于等于 97 百分位）外，1999-2000 年至 2007-2008 年间没有统计学意义上的线性趋势。