美国儿童和青少年肥胖率及体重指数趋势，1999-2010 年。
Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999-2010.
机构信息
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland 20782, USA.
出版信息
JAMA. 2012 Feb 1;307(5):483-90. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.40. Epub 2012 Jan 17.
CONTEXT
The prevalence of childhood obesity increased in the 1980s and 1990s but there were no significant changes in prevalence between 1999-2000 and 2007-2008 in the United States.
OBJECTIVES
To present the most recent estimates of obesity prevalence in US children and adolescents for 2009-2010 and to investigate trends in obesity prevalence and body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional analyses of a representative sample (N = 4111) of the US child and adolescent population (birth through 19 years of age) with measured heights and weights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Prevalence of high weight-for-recumbent length (≥95th percentile on the growth charts) among infants and toddlers from birth to 2 years of age and obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile of the BMI-for-age growth charts) among children and adolescents aged 2 through 19 years. Analyses of trends in obesity by sex and race/ethnicity, and analyses of trends in BMI within sex-specific age groups for 6 survey periods (1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008, and 2009-2010) over 12 years.
RESULTS
In 2009-2010, 9.7% (95% CI, 7.6%-12.3%) of infants and toddlers had a high weight-for-recumbent length and 16.9% (95% CI, 15.4%-18.4%) of children and adolescents from 2 through 19 years of age were obese. There was no difference in obesity prevalence among males (P = .62) or females (P = .65) between 2007-2008 and 2009-2010. However, trend analyses over a 12-year period indicated a significant increase in obesity prevalence between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010 in males aged 2 through 19 years (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.10) but not in females (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98-1.07) per 2-year survey cycle. There was a significant increase in BMI among adolescent males aged 12 through 19 years (P = .04) but not among any other age group or among females.
CONCLUSION
In 2009-2010, the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents was 16.9%; this was not changed compared with 2007-2008.
背景
儿童肥胖症的患病率在 20 世纪 80 年代和 90 年代有所上升，但在美国，1999-2000 年至 2007-2008 年之间，肥胖症的患病率没有明显变化。
目的
报告美国儿童和青少年肥胖症的最新患病率数据，分析 1999-2000 年至 2009-2010 年期间儿童和青少年肥胖症患病率和体重指数（BMI）的变化趋势。
设计、地点和参与者：对美国儿童和青少年（出生至 19 岁）人群的代表性样本（N=4111）进行横断面分析，该样本通过 2009-2010 年全国健康和营养调查（NHANES）测量了身高和体重。
主要结局测量指标
从出生到 2 岁婴儿和幼儿的高体重（体重处于生长图表的第 95 百分位数以上）和 2 至 19 岁儿童和青少年的肥胖症（BMI 处于 BMI-年龄生长图表的第 95 百分位数以上）的患病率。分析按性别和种族/族裔划分的肥胖症趋势，以及在 12 年期间的 6 个调查周期（1999-2000、2001-2002、2003-2004、2005-2006、2007-2008 和 2009-2010）中特定年龄组内 BMI 的变化趋势。
结果
2009-2010 年，9.7%（95%置信区间，7.6%-12.3%）的婴儿和幼儿体重过高，16.9%（95%置信区间，15.4%-18.4%）的 2 至 19 岁儿童和青少年肥胖。2007-2008 年和 2009-2010 年之间，男性（P=0.62）或女性（P=0.65）肥胖症患病率无差异。然而，12 年期间的趋势分析表明，2 至 19 岁男性的肥胖症患病率在 1999-2000 年至 2009-2010 年期间显著增加（比值比，1.05；95%置信区间，1.01-1.10），而女性则没有（比值比，1.02；95%置信区间，0.98-1.07），每 2 年进行一次调查。12 至 19 岁的青少年男性的 BMI 显著增加（P=0.04），但其他年龄组或女性的 BMI 没有显著增加。
结论
2009-2010 年，儿童和青少年肥胖症的患病率为 16.9%；与 2007-2008 年相比，这一比例没有变化。
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