Pollack Austin M, Nelson Tracy L, Jenkins NaNet A, Willis Meghan W, Lueders Paige C, Kingman Anna K, Hamilton Landon D, Luckasen Gary J
UCHealth Research Northern Colorado, Loveland CO, USA.
Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO, USA.
Am J Prev Cardiol. 2025 Jan 24;21:100933. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100933. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in both children and adults and is predictive of poor cardiovascular outcomes. Prevalence of CVD risk factors among children has become more frequent and is often influenced by the family. The purpose of this study was to both cross-sectionally and longitudinally determine the prevalence and changes in CVD risk factors among northern Colorado students. Data was collected from August 2013 to May 2023 as part of the UCHealth Healthy Hearts and Minds (HHM) program (51,882 students, 52.4 % female, 71.5 % White). Objective measures of total cholesterol (TChol), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), blood pressure, height, and weight were collected. Self-reported familial CVD risk factors from parents/guardians including overweight/obesity were collected. CVD risk consistently rises with increasing BMI across grade levels. TChol was higher and HDL was lower as BMI increased, regardless of age or sex. Students who maintained a healthy weight in elementary and high school (66.2 % males, 67.6 % females) or moved to a healthy weight after elementary school (7.4 % males, 5.0 % females) had lower CVD risk compared to students who were overweight/obese (17.4 % males, 14.7 % females) at both timepoints. Students with a healthy weight in elementary and high school were less likely to have a family member reporting overweight/obesity (26.5 % and 28.0 %) than students who were overweight in both grade levels (50.5 % and 56.7 %). Given the increase in childhood obesity, there is a need for aggressive screening and treatment of obesity and CVD risk in children and their families.
肥胖与儿童和成人的心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素相关，并且可预测不良的心血管结局。儿童CVD风险因素的患病率越来越高，且常常受家庭影响。本研究的目的是横断面和纵向确定科罗拉多州北部学生中CVD风险因素的患病率及其变化。作为UCHealth健康心脏与心灵（HHM）项目的一部分，于2013年8月至2023年5月收集了数据（51,882名学生，52.4%为女性，71.5%为白人）。收集了总胆固醇（TChol）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）、血压、身高和体重的客观测量数据。收集了来自父母/监护人自我报告的家族性CVD风险因素，包括超重/肥胖。跨年级来看，CVD风险随BMI的增加而持续上升。无论年龄或性别，随着BMI增加，TChol升高而HDL降低。在小学和高中保持健康体重的学生（66.2%为男性，67.6%为女性）或小学后体重变为健康体重的学生（7.4%为男性，5.0%为女性），与在两个时间点均超重/肥胖的学生（17.4%为男性，14.7%为女性）相比，CVD风险更低。小学和高中体重健康的学生，其家庭成员报告超重/肥胖的可能性（分别为26.5%和28.0%）低于两个年级均超重的学生（分别为50.5%和56.7%）。鉴于儿童肥胖率上升，有必要积极筛查和治疗儿童及其家庭中的肥胖和CVD风险。
