Reehal Paul
Indiana University Center for Sports Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2010 Jan-Feb;9(1):27-34. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181cd2c04.
Sports are a common cause of facial injury. A wide variety of facial injuries occurs during sports. Severity of these injuries varies greatly. Understanding the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries is important to those participating in the health care of the athlete. Injuries that may threaten the airway or vision or cause bleeding are particularly crucial to understand. Dental injuries such as tooth fracture and tooth avulsion may need to be treated urgently in many cases. Facial lacerations may damage underlying structures, including the lacrimal system, facial nerve, or parotid duct. Closure of facial lacerations involves several considerations, such as cosmesis, method of wound closure, and complexity of the wound. Facial fractures occur commonly in sports, and familiarity with the various types and levels of severity is of key importance. Return-to-play guidelines after facial injury have yet to be established. Use of protective equipment can prevent facial injuries and protect athletes when returning to play after facial injury has occurred.
运动是面部受伤的常见原因。在运动过程中会发生各种各样的面部损伤。这些损伤的严重程度差异很大。了解这些损伤的诊断和治疗方法对于参与运动员医疗保健的人员来说很重要。对于那些可能威胁气道或视力或导致出血的损伤，尤其需要深入了解。在许多情况下，诸如牙齿骨折和牙齿脱臼等牙齿损伤可能需要紧急治疗。面部撕裂伤可能会损伤包括泪腺系统、面神经或腮腺导管在内的深层结构。面部撕裂伤的缝合涉及多个方面的考虑，如美容效果、伤口缝合方法以及伤口的复杂程度。面部骨折在运动中很常见，熟悉各种类型和严重程度至关重要。面部受伤后的重返比赛指南尚未确立。使用防护装备可以预防面部损伤，并在面部受伤后运动员重返比赛时起到保护作用。
