College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, FL 32610, USA.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Apr;25(4):691-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.06120.x. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a chronic gastrointestinal disorder, affects from 3-20% of the US population, depending on sociocultural and comorbid factors. IBS is characterized by a symptom complex of abdominal pain and abnormal bowel habits that present as diarrhea or constipation, and general physical weakness in the absence of abnormal morphological, histological or inflammatory markers. The main diagnostic Rome III criteria as established by international professional organizations are based on exclusion criteria and the occurrence and rate of symptoms. Because the pathophysiology and causes of IBS are poorly understood, treatment approaches are mainly focused on symptom management to maintain everyday functioning and improve quality of life for persons with IBS. The mainstay of intervention is pharmacological treatment with antispasmodics and antidiarrheals for diarrhea, prokinetics and high-fiber diets for constipation, and supportive therapy with low-dose antidepressants to normalize gastrointestinal motility. Other interventions include lifestyle and dietary changes, psychotherapy, herbal therapies and acupuncture. The purpose of this review is to critically assess benefits and risks of current treatment approaches as well as promising complementary and alternative therapies.
肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种慢性胃肠道疾病，根据社会文化和合并症因素的不同，其在美国的发病率为 3-20%。IBS 的特征为腹痛和异常肠道习惯的症状复杂，表现为腹泻或便秘，以及一般的身体虚弱，而无异常形态、组织学或炎症标志物。由国际专业组织制定的主要诊断罗马 III 标准基于排除标准和症状的发生和频率。由于 IBS 的病理生理学和病因尚不清楚，因此治疗方法主要集中在症状管理上，以维持日常功能并改善 IBS 患者的生活质量。干预的主要手段是药物治疗，痉挛性药物和抗腹泻药用于腹泻，促动力药和高纤维饮食用于便秘，以及低剂量抗抑郁药的支持性治疗以正常化胃肠道动力。其他干预措施包括生活方式和饮食改变、心理治疗、草药治疗和针灸。本综述的目的是批判性地评估当前治疗方法的益处和风险，以及有前途的补充和替代疗法。
