Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 May;101(9):3242-5. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.094. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel produced by transesterification and is contained in the glycerol phase together with many other materials such as soaps, remaining catalyst, water, and esters formed during the process. The content of glycerol is approximately 30-60 wt.%. In this paper, treatments of the glycerol phase to obtain glycerol with a purity of 86 wt.% (without distillation) and a mixture of fatty acids with esters (1:1) or only a mixture of fatty acids with a purity of 99 wt.% are presented. The treatment was carried out by removing of alkaline substances and esters. Fatty acids were produced by saponification of the remaining esters and subsequent neutralization of alkaline substances by phosphoric, sulfuric, hydrochloric, or acetic acids. Salts are by-products and, in the case of phosphoric acid can be used as potash-phosphate fertilizer. The process of treatment is easy and environmentally friendly, because no special chemicals or equipment are required and all products are utilizable.
甘油是酯交换法生产生物柴油的副产品，与许多其他物质（如皂类、残留催化剂、水和在反应过程中形成的酯类）一起存在于甘油相中。甘油的含量约为 30-60wt.%。本文介绍了一种处理甘油相的方法，可得到纯度为 86wt.%（无需蒸馏）的甘油和脂肪酸与酯的混合物（1:1），或者仅得到纯度为 99wt.%的脂肪酸混合物。该处理方法是通过去除碱性物质和酯类来实现的。脂肪酸是通过剩余酯类的皂化和随后用磷酸、硫酸、盐酸或乙酸中和碱性物质来生产的。盐是副产物，在使用磷酸的情况下，可以作为钾磷肥料。处理过程简单且环保，因为不需要特殊的化学品或设备，而且所有产品都可利用。
