Sheehan William J, Rangsithienchai Pitud A, Baxi Sachin N, Gardynski Andrea, Bharmanee Apinya, Israel Elliot, Phipatanakul Wanda
Children's Hospital Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2010 Jun;49(6):579-85. doi: 10.1177/0009922809354326. Epub 2010 Jan 13.
Questions exist regarding the appropriate age for referral of an atopic child to an allergist for environmental skin prick testing. This study evaluates age-specific prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens from infancy through adolescence. A total of 1394 patients were skin tested, with 57.2% being sensitized to at least 1 aeroallergen. In children younger than 2, the authors found that 26.5% were sensitized, including to dogs (15.5%) and cats (9.2%). Additionally, tree sensitization was demonstrated in the youngest age group (7.8% at 0-2 years; 17.1% at 2-4 years), including in 3 infants less than 1 year old. Sensitization rates to dust mites and trees were the highest in all ages above 4 years, with a peak tree sensitization of 56.4% at 10 to 12 years and a peak dust mite sensitization of 56.8% in the >12 group. Overall, the authors observed increasing sensitization rates throughout childhood for indoor and outdoor aeroallergens (P < .001). Aeroallergen sensitization begins at a young age and increases during childhood.
关于特应性儿童转诊至过敏症专科医生处进行环境皮肤点刺试验的合适年龄存在一些问题。本研究评估了从婴儿期到青春期对气传变应原致敏的年龄特异性患病率。共有1394名患者接受了皮肤测试，其中57.2%对至少1种气传变应原致敏。在2岁以下的儿童中，作者发现26.5%的儿童致敏，包括对狗（15.5%）和猫（9.2%）致敏。此外，在最年幼的年龄组中也发现了对树木的致敏情况（0至2岁为7.8%；2至4岁为17.1%），其中包括3名1岁以下的婴儿。在4岁以上的所有年龄段中，对尘螨和树木的致敏率最高，在10至12岁时树木致敏率峰值为56.4%，在>12岁组中尘螨致敏率峰值为56.8%。总体而言，作者观察到儿童期内对室内和室外气传变应原的致敏率不断上升（P <.001）。气传变应原致敏始于幼年，并在儿童期增加。
