Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute and Division of Paediatric Sleep, Dept of Paediatrics, Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Eur Respir J. 2010 Jul;36(1):164-9. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00114209. Epub 2010 Jan 14.
The aim of our study was to evaluate whether obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with impaired acquisition and recall of a pictorial-based memory tasks in children. 54 children with OSA and 17 controls matched for age, sex and ethnicity underwent a sleep study (overnight polysomnogram). Before the sleep study subjects completed a 15-min pictorial memory task acquisition consisting of four trials, followed by a free-recall period to assess retention after 10 min and the following morning upon awakening. Children with OSA had a higher obstructive apnoea/hypopnoea index (6.3+/-1.5 events.h(-1) TST) than controls (0.6+/-0.1 events.h(-1) TST) (p<0.0001). Mean learning scores in controls over the four consecutive trials were incrementally better than in children with OSA for the four-trial set (p<0.0001). Both immediate (p<0.0001) and overnight recall performances were worse among OSA children (p<0.0001), who also exhibited declines in recall performance that was absent in controls (p<0.001). Differences in pictorial task acquisition trajectories suggest that children with OSA require more time and an increased number of learning opportunities to reach immediate and long-term recall performances that are reduced compared with controls. Thus, both acquisition and retention of newly learned material are compromised. These findings confirm and expand on the presence of known cognitive deficits in children with OSA.
我们的研究目的在于评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是否与儿童的图片记忆任务获得和回忆受损有关。54 名 OSA 患儿和 17 名年龄、性别和种族相匹配的对照组接受了睡眠研究（整夜多导睡眠图）。在睡眠研究之前，受试者完成了 15 分钟的图片记忆任务获得，包括四个试验，然后进行自由回忆期以评估 10 分钟后的保留情况和次日早晨醒来后的保留情况。OSA 患儿的阻塞性呼吸暂停/低通气指数（6.3+/-1.5 事件.h(-1) TST）高于对照组（0.6+/-0.1 事件.h(-1) TST）（p<0.0001）。对照组在四个连续试验中的平均学习分数逐渐优于 OSA 患儿，而 OSA 患儿的学习分数则较低（p<0.0001）。OSA 患儿的即时（p<0.0001）和夜间回忆表现均较差（p<0.0001），而且与对照组相比，他们的回忆表现呈下降趋势（p<0.001）。图片任务获得轨迹的差异表明，与对照组相比，OSA 患儿需要更多的时间和更多的学习机会才能达到即时和长期的回忆表现，而这些表现都有所降低。因此，新学习材料的获得和保留都受到了影响。这些发现证实并扩展了 OSA 患儿存在已知认知缺陷的存在。
