Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebrón University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2010 Jan;12(1):15-21. doi: 10.1007/s12094-010-0461-4.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy whose incidence rate has notably increased in recent years without any evident reason. Traditionally, RCC has been resistant to classic treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy), with only a small percentage of patients benefiting from cytokine therapy. Different hereditary syndromes have been associated with RCC, Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) being the most important syndrome. Understanding key molecular pathways implicated in the tumorigenesis of RCC has crystallised in the development of more effective therapies. Specifically, drugs targeting VEGF (bevacizumab, sunitinib, sorafenib, axitinib, pazopanib) and PI3K-mTOR (temsirolimus and everolimus) have become the cornerstone of renal cancer treatment.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是一种异质性恶性肿瘤，近年来其发病率显著上升，但其原因尚不明确。传统上，RCC 对经典治疗方法（化疗、放疗和激素治疗）具有抗性，只有一小部分患者受益于细胞因子治疗。不同的遗传性综合征与 RCC 相关联，其中最重要的综合征是 Von Hippel Lindau（VHL）。理解 RCC 发生中涉及的关键分子途径已经促进了更有效的治疗方法的发展。具体来说，针对 VEGF（贝伐珠单抗、舒尼替尼、索拉非尼、阿昔替尼、帕唑帕尼）和 PI3K-mTOR（替西罗莫司和依维莫司）的药物已成为肾癌治疗的基石。
