Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2010 May;88(5):1777-85. doi: 10.2527/jas.2009-2343. Epub 2010 Jan 15.
Sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia (sPEM), a neurological disorder affecting ruminants, is associated with consumption of diets with increased S (high-S). High-S water is commonly found in many western states and is a major source of dietary S for grazing cattle. Consumption of high-S water has been associated with sPEM and decreased performance. Identification of a feed supplement that would counteract the negative effects of high-S water would decrease the incidence of sPEM and prevent performance reductions in regions with problematic water sources. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the effects of administering high-S drinking water to forage-fed feedlot steers on health and performance, and 2) determine the effectiveness of clinoptilolite, a clay mineral with increased cation-exchange capacity, in negating the effects of high-S drinking water. Yearling steers (n = 96; 318.2 +/- 2.1 kg of BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments for a 77-d trial period: control with low-S water (566 mg of SO(4)/L), high-S water (3,651 mg of SO(4)/L), or high-S water plus clinoptilolite supplemented at 2.5 or 5.0% of the diet DM. Feed and water consumption were measured daily, and all steers were weighed on d -2, -1, 29, 53, 76, and 77. Plasma samples were collected on d 0, 58, and 77, and liver samples on d 0 and 77. There was a greater (P <or= 0.046) frequency of sPEM in high-S steers than control steers, but no differences among high-S treatment groups. In total, 12 cases of sPEM were confirmed by the presence of cortical lesions in steers consuming high-S water. Daily DMI (P = 0.002) and daily water intake (P = 0.001) were less in high-S water steers than control steers. No differences (P >or= 0.546) in ADG or G:F were observed. Plasma Cu decreased (P = 0.029) to a greater magnitude in high-S water steers than the control steers over the 77-d trial period. Mineral analyses of hepatic tissue from randomly selected healthy steers from each treatment group (n = 10 per treatment) showed an interaction (P <or= 0.034) of sample time and treatment for Cu, Se, and Zn concentrations. These results suggest that clinoptilolite does not negate the effects of high-S water, and administration of high-S water decreases herd health through an increased incidence of sPEM and reduced nutritional status.
硫诱导脑灰质软化症（sPEM）是一种影响反刍动物的神经系统疾病，与摄入高硫（S）饮食有关。高 S 水在许多西方国家很常见，是放牧牛群饮食中 S 的主要来源。摄入高 S 水与 sPEM 和性能下降有关。确定一种可以抵消高 S 水负面影响的饲料补充剂将降低有问题水源地区 sPEM 的发病率，并防止性能下降。本研究的目的是：1）确定给饲草料育肥场的牛饮用高 S 水对健康和性能的影响，2）确定沸石，一种具有更高阳离子交换能力的粘土矿物，在消除高 S 饮用水影响方面的有效性。选择 96 头 12 月龄的阉公牛（318.2 +/- 2.1kg BW）进行为期 77 天的试验，随机分为 4 个处理组之一：低 S 水（566mg SO(4)/L）的对照组、高 S 水（3651mg SO(4)/L）、高 S 水加沸石补充剂 2.5%或 5.0%的日粮 DM。每日测量饲料和水的摄入量，所有牛在-2、-1、29、53、76 和 77 天进行称重。在 d0、58 和 77 天采集血浆样品，在 d0 和 77 天采集肝样。与对照组相比，高 S 组的 sPEM 发病率更高（P<=0.046），但高 S 处理组之间没有差异。在摄入高 S 水的牛中，共有 12 例 sPEM 通过皮质病变的存在得到证实。与对照组相比，高 S 水组牛的日采食量（P=0.002）和日饮水量（P=0.001）较少。未观察到 ADG 或 G:F 的差异（P>=0.546）。与对照组相比，高 S 水组牛的血浆 Cu 在 77 天的试验期间下降幅度更大（P=0.029）。从每个处理组中随机选择的健康牛的肝组织的矿物质分析（n=每个处理 10 个）显示，样本时间和处理之间存在 Cu、Se 和 Zn 浓度的相互作用（P<=0.034）。这些结果表明，沸石并不能消除高 S 水的影响，而高 S 水的摄入通过增加 sPEM 的发病率和降低营养状况来降低畜群健康。
