Princess Amalia Children's Clinic, Isala Klinieken, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010 Feb;45(2):149-56. doi: 10.1002/ppul.21161.
Factors operating in the first year of life are critical in determining the onset and persistence of wheezing in preschool children. This study was designed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of wheeze in the first year of life in Dutch infants. This was a population-based survey of 13-month-old infants visiting well baby clinics for a scheduled immunization. Parents/caregivers completed a standardized validated questionnaire on respiratory symptoms in the first year of life and putative risk factors. The independent influence of these factors for wheeze was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 1,115 questionnaires were completed. Wheeze ever (with a prevalence in the first year of life of 28.5%) was independently associated with male gender, eczema, sibs with asthma, any allergic disease in the family, day care, damp housing, and asphyxia. Recurrent wheeze (prevalence 14.5%) showed independent associations with eczema, sibs with asthma, and day care. In addition to these factors, severe wheeze (prevalence 15.4%) was also associated with premature rupture of membranes during birth, and with damp housing. Wheeze is common during the first year of life, and places a major burden on families and the health care system. Factors associated with wheeze are mainly related to markers of atopic susceptibility, and to exposure to infections. The strongest modifiable risk factor for wheeze in the first year of life is home dampness. Interventions to reduce home dampness to reduce wheeze in infancy should be examined.
在生命的第一年中起作用的因素对于确定学龄前儿童喘息的发作和持续时间至关重要。本研究旨在检查荷兰婴儿生命第一年喘息的患病率和危险因素。这是一项针对 13 个月大婴儿的基于人群的调查，这些婴儿在婴儿健康诊所接受计划免疫接种。父母/照顾者填写了一份标准化的、经过验证的问卷，内容是生命第一年的呼吸道症状和潜在危险因素。通过多元逻辑回归分析评估这些因素对喘息的独立影响。共完成了 1115 份问卷。喘息（生命第一年的患病率为 28.5%）与男性性别、湿疹、有哮喘的兄弟姐妹、家庭中任何过敏疾病、日托、潮湿的住房和窒息独立相关。反复喘息（患病率为 14.5%）与湿疹、有哮喘的兄弟姐妹和日托有关。除了这些因素，严重喘息（患病率为 15.4%）还与出生时胎膜早破以及潮湿的住房有关。喘息在生命的第一年很常见，给家庭和医疗保健系统带来了很大的负担。与喘息相关的因素主要与特应性易感性标志物以及感染暴露有关。生命第一年喘息的最强可改变危险因素是家庭潮湿。应研究减少家庭潮湿以减少婴儿期喘息的干预措施。
