Propst Evan J, Greinwald John H, Schmithorst Vincent
Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 2018, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010 Jan;136(1):22-6. doi: 10.1001/archoto.2009.208.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides information about neuronal excitation by measuring changes in cerebral hemodynamics. This study used fMRI to compare neuroanatomic activation patterns in children with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL) with the neuroanatomic activation patterns in normally hearing individuals.
Patients were presented with narrowband noise and speech-in-noise tasks while undergoing fMRI of the brain. In the narrowband noise task, 5 chirps at center frequencies of 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz were presented monaurally for 1 second in a randomized order to children in both groups. In the speech-in-noise task, Bamford-Kowal-Bench (BKB) sentences were presented over 4-talker babble to both ears, and scans were acquired after each stimulus. We compared fMRI data across groups using independent component analysis and Bayesian (hierarchical) linear models.
Tertiary referral center.
Twelve children with USNHL and 23 normally hearing controls.
Perform fMRI while subject listens to narrowband and speech-in-noise tasks.
Neuroanatomic differences in fMRI.
In the narrowband noise task, children with USNHL had less activation of auditory areas and failed to activate auditory association areas and attention networks compared with normally hearing controls. In the speech-in-noise task, children with USNHL activated only secondary auditory processing areas in the left hemisphere, while controls activated these areas bilaterally. Children with right-sided USNHL failed to activate attention areas that were activated in controls and in children with left-sided USNHL. Only children with left-sided USNHL activated bilateral visual association areas.
Results show significant differences in the cortical processing of sound between children with severe to profound USNHL and normally hearing children. These differences may account for the functional auditory problems that children with USNHL experience.
功能磁共振成像（fMRI）通过测量脑血流动力学变化来提供有关神经元兴奋的信息。本研究使用fMRI比较单侧感音神经性听力损失（USNHL）儿童与听力正常个体的神经解剖激活模式。
在对大脑进行fMRI检查时，让患者进行窄带噪声和噪声中言语任务。在窄带噪声任务中，以随机顺序向两组儿童单耳呈现中心频率为250Hz、500Hz、1kHz、2kHz和4kHz的5个线性调频脉冲，持续1秒。在噪声中言语任务中，向双耳呈现Bamford-Kowal-Bench（BKB）句子，同时叠加4人交谈的嘈杂声，每次刺激后进行扫描。我们使用独立成分分析和贝叶斯（分层）线性模型比较各组的fMRI数据。
三级转诊中心。
12名USNHL儿童和23名听力正常的对照者。
在受试者聆听窄带和噪声中言语任务时进行fMRI检查。
fMRI中的神经解剖差异。
在窄带噪声任务中，与听力正常的对照者相比，USNHL儿童的听觉区域激活较少，且未能激活听觉联合区域和注意力网络。在噪声中言语任务中，USNHL儿童仅激活了左半球的二级听觉处理区域，而对照者双侧均激活了这些区域。右侧USNHL儿童未能激活对照者和左侧USNHL儿童中激活的注意力区域。只有左侧USNHL儿童激活了双侧视觉联合区域。
结果显示，重度至极重度USNHL儿童与听力正常儿童在声音的皮质处理方面存在显著差异。这些差异可能解释了USNHL儿童所经历的功能性听觉问题。
