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社区青少年焦虑障碍与物质使用的关系:特异性和性别差异。

The relationship between anxiety disorders and substance use among adolescents in the community: specificity and gender differences.

机构信息

Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

出版信息

J Youth Adolesc. 2010 Feb;39(2):177-88. doi: 10.1007/s10964-008-9385-5. Epub 2009 Jan 13.

Abstract

Using a sample of 781 adolescents (ages 13-17, 52.8% male) from a community survey, this study examined gender differences in the co-occurrence of specific anxiety disorders with substance use in adolescents. The associations between anxiety disorders and substance use differed according to the particular anxiety disorders and forms of substance use being examined, as well as by gender. Social phobia was associated with cigarette smoking among boys only. For girls, social phobia appeared to be negatively associated with drug use. For the other anxiety disorders, the associations with substance use tended to be stronger among girls. These findings highlight the need to improve clinical recognition of the anxiety disorders and to improve treatment access for afflicted adolescents. Future studies based on longitudinal data could further elucidate the relationships among anxiety disorders, gender, and substance use.

摘要

本研究使用了一项社区调查中的 781 名青少年(年龄在 13-17 岁之间,男性占 52.8%)样本,考察了特定焦虑障碍与青少年物质使用共病的性别差异。焦虑障碍与物质使用之间的关联因所考察的特定焦虑障碍和物质使用形式以及性别而异。社交恐惧症仅与男孩的吸烟有关。对于女孩,社交恐惧症似乎与药物使用呈负相关。对于其他焦虑障碍,女孩中与物质使用的关联往往更强。这些发现强调了需要提高对焦虑障碍的临床识别,并改善受影响青少年的治疗途径。基于纵向数据的未来研究可以进一步阐明焦虑障碍、性别和物质使用之间的关系。

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