Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA.
Health Psychol Rev. 2023 Sep;17(3):505-519. doi: 10.1080/17437199.2022.2125037. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
Disease from nicotine dependency continues to be a leading cause of preventable death worldwide, and therefore research that elucidates potential correlates of tobacco use may facilitate the advancement of research, clinical practice, and policy in this area to target this public health challenge. One potential tobacco use correlate is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) phenomena. The growing research evidence on the association between tobacco use and OCD phenomena is mixed, making it difficult to synthesize extant findings into meaningful conclusions. Indeed, there has never been a systematic review or meta-analysis of this area of research. To this end, a systematic review was carried out with studies between 1988 and 2021, and from this review, 71 independent estimations ( = 10,475; Females = 51.95%; mean age = 37.29, = 13.78) were extracted for meta-analysis. We found that about three in ten participants with OCD are likely to use tobacco, which is higher than the general population. The prevalence was the same among OCD participants at all levels (those with symptomology but no confirmed diagnosis, those surpassing a clinical cutoff for OCD but no confirmed diagnosis, and those with a confirmed OCD diagnosis). The results also indicated considerable variability across study results and a wide confidence interval associated with the tobacco use prevalence rate among those with OCD phenomena. The findings provide support for continued study of this comorbidity, perhaps with longitudinal and experimental designs to test for reciprocal associations between tobacco use and OCD phenomena in the service of targeting nicotine dependence as a substantial global public health concern.
尼古丁依赖导致的疾病仍然是全球可预防死亡的主要原因，因此，阐明潜在的烟草使用相关因素的研究可以促进该领域的研究、临床实践和政策的发展，以应对这一公共卫生挑战。潜在的烟草使用相关因素之一是强迫症（OCD）现象。关于烟草使用与 OCD 现象之间关联的研究证据越来越多，但结果相互矛盾，难以从中得出有意义的结论。事实上，目前还没有针对这一研究领域的系统综述或荟萃分析。为此，我们进行了一项系统综述，纳入了 1988 年至 2021 年期间的研究，从这项综述中，我们提取了 71 个独立的估计值（ = 10475；女性 = 51.95%；平均年龄 = 37.29， = 13.78）进行荟萃分析。我们发现，大约十分之三的 OCD 患者可能会使用烟草，这一比例高于普通人群。在 OCD 患者中，无论其 OCD 症状严重程度如何（有症状但未经确诊、超过 OCD 临床诊断标准但未经确诊、确诊为 OCD），这一比例都相同。研究结果还表明，不同研究结果之间存在很大差异，且与 OCD 患者中烟草使用流行率相关的置信区间很宽。这些发现为进一步研究这种共病现象提供了支持，也许可以采用纵向和实验设计，以检验烟草使用和 OCD 现象之间的相互关联，从而将尼古丁依赖作为一个重大的全球公共卫生问题进行针对性治疗。
