Division of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Institute of Social Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Germany.
BMC Infect Dis. 2010 Jan 19;10:12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-12.
Evidence for protection of preterm born infants from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) by 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV7) is relatively sparse. Data from randomized trials is based on relatively small numbers of preterm born children.
We report data from active prospective surveillance of IPD in children in Germany. The cohorts of preterm born children in 2000 and 2007 and the respective whole birth cohorts are compared regarding occurrence of IPD.
After introduction of PCV7 we observed a reduction in the rate of IPD in preterm born infants comparing the 2000 and 2007 birth cohort. The rate of IPD among the whole birth cohorts was reduced from 15.0 to 8.5 notifications per 100,000 (P < .001). The impact among the preterm birth cohort was comparable: A reduction in notification rate from 26.1 to 16.7 per 100,000 comparing the 2000 with the 2007 preterm birth cohort (P = .39). Preterm born infants with IPD were either unvaccinated or vaccinated delayed or incomplete.
This adds to evidence that PCV7 also protects preterm born infants effectively from IPD. Preterm born infants should receive pneumococcal vaccination according to their chronological age.
7 价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV7）对预防早产儿侵袭性肺炎球菌病（IPD）的证据相对较少。随机试验数据基于相对较少的早产儿数量。
我们报告了德国儿童侵袭性肺炎球菌病主动前瞻性监测的数据。比较了 2000 年和 2007 年出生的早产儿队列以及相应的全出生队列中 IPD 的发生情况。
在引入 PCV7 后，我们观察到 2000 年和 2007 年出生的早产儿队列中 IPD 的发生率有所降低。全出生队列的 IPD 发生率从每 100,000 名儿童 15.0 例减少到 8.5 例（P<.001）。早产儿队列的影响相当：2000 年和 2007 年早产儿队列比较，通知率从 26.1 例减少到 16.7 例/100,000（P=.39）。患有 IPD 的早产儿要么未接种疫苗，要么接种延迟或不完整。
这进一步证明了 PCV7 也能有效预防早产儿发生 IPD。早产儿应按照其实际年龄接种肺炎球菌疫苗。
