Retinopathy of prematurity: an example of a successful screening program.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a persistent and often devastating morbidity associated with premature and low birth weight infants. It continues to be a frequent diagnosis in the neonatal intensive care unit, despite technologic advances and increased knowledge. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has issued practice guideline recommendations for ROP screening and treatment that aid in creating a consistent and reliable ROP protocol. Challenges exist in screening for and treating ROP, including delayed or omitted exams, lack of qualified examiners, lack of parental compliance with follow-up care, and fear of litigation. This article provides a detailed example of a successful ROP program based on the AAP recommendations and utilizing a multidisciplinary approach to ensure optimal ROP care for the preterm infant. It also discusses the role of the ROP coordinator assigned to the NICU.