Frere Jennifer A, Maharam Lewis G, Van Steven P
Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2004 Apr;32(4):33-40. doi: 10.3810/psm.2004.04.204.
Abstract: Although the risk of death for marathon participants and for high school and college athletes has been quantified, limited data are available about the risk of death in running shorter road races.
To determine the incidence and causes of exercise-related death in running road races and to provide information that may help identify those at risk and assist race directors with medical staffing needs.
Investigators requested the number of finishers and the number of deaths within a 5-year period (1996 through 2000) from 62 of the largest races (according to USA Track and Field in 1999) from 10K, 12K, 15K, and half-marathon distances. Differences in the risk of death between these races and marathons were compared with a chi-square analysis.
Thirty-eight (61%) of the officials from the 62 races responded. Five deaths occurred among 1,636,720 finishers. All the fatalities were men, and their age range was wide (38 to 84 years). Most of the deaths were in 10K races (4 deaths); 1 was in a half-marathon race. Further data were available on 3 of the runners, whose deaths were attributed to coronary artery disease. The overall incidence of death in running road races was approximately 3.1 per 1 million finishers. This risk and that for 10K races are significantly lower than the risk reported for marathons from combined data from other sources.
The risk of death in running road races is significantly lower than the risk for marathons. These data may help to identify participants at risk and assist race directors in determining medical staffing needs on race day.
摘要：尽管马拉松参赛者以及高中和大学运动员的死亡风险已被量化，但关于短距离公路赛中死亡风险的数据却很有限。
确定公路赛中与运动相关的死亡发生率及原因，并提供有助于识别高危人群以及协助赛事总监满足医疗人员配备需求的信息。
研究人员向62项最大规模赛事（根据1999年美国田径协会的数据）的主办方索要了1996年至2000年这5年间10公里、12公里、15公里和半程马拉松比赛的完赛人数及死亡人数。通过卡方分析比较这些赛事与马拉松比赛死亡风险的差异。
62项赛事中的38名（61%）官员进行了回复。在1,636,720名完赛者中有5人死亡。所有死亡者均为男性，年龄跨度较大（38至84岁）。大多数死亡发生在10公里比赛中（4例）；1例发生在半程马拉松比赛中。另外有3名跑步者的更多数据可供获取，他们的死亡归因于冠状动脉疾病。公路赛的总体死亡发生率约为每100万完赛者中有3.1人。这一风险以及10公里比赛的风险显著低于其他来源综合数据中所报告的马拉松比赛风险。
公路赛中的死亡风险显著低于马拉松比赛。这些数据可能有助于识别高危参与者，并协助赛事总监确定比赛日的医疗人员配备需求。
