Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2010 Apr;23(2):131-6. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833722fa.
There are several common medical conditions occurring in people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that can benefit from treatment and can in turn improve the health and quality of life of people with ASD. This review will primarily focus on these medical comorbidities, with a brief review of potential future treatments.
There continues to be disagreement regarding the exact prevalence and etiological significance of gastrointestinal conditions, epilepsy and other abnormal electroencephalographic findings, and sleep problems. It is not clear whether gastrointestinal conditions occur more frequently than in typically developing children, and whether there are distinct conditions that occur more often in ASD than in non-ASD populations. Abnormal electroencephalographic findings have been reported in up to 60% of children with ASD, and some believe that these abnormalities may be responsible for parts of the ASD phenotype. Sleep problems are reported more frequently than in the general population, and effective treatments are available. Future medical treatments for ASD may be directed at underlying core symptoms and have greater impact than today's symptomatic approach.
Further research in these areas is needed to better guide diagnosis and treatment of a variety of medical conditions experienced by people with ASD.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者中存在几种常见的医疗状况，这些状况可以通过治疗得到改善，并能提高 ASD 患者的健康和生活质量。这篇综述主要将集中讨论这些医疗共病，同时简要回顾潜在的未来治疗方法。
关于胃肠道疾病、癫痫和其他异常脑电图发现以及睡眠问题的确切患病率和病因学意义，仍存在分歧。目前还不清楚胃肠道疾病是否比在典型发育儿童中更常见，以及是否存在 ASD 比非 ASD 人群更常见的特定疾病。高达 60%的 ASD 儿童有脑电图异常，有些人认为这些异常可能是 ASD 表型的部分原因。睡眠问题比一般人群更常见，并且有有效的治疗方法。未来 ASD 的医疗治疗可能针对潜在的核心症状，并比当今的对症治疗更有影响。
需要在这些领域进行进一步的研究，以更好地指导 ASD 患者各种医疗状况的诊断和治疗。
