Knudsen F, Guldager H
Anaestesi-og intensivafdelingen, Københavns Amts Sygehus i Herlev.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1991 Feb 25;153(9):632-6.
Jehovah's witnesses refuse transfusion of blood and blood products on the basis of religious convictions even when transfusion is considered necessary to save life. Medical treatment of these patients presents an ethical challenge for the physicians. The legal aspects of either administering blood to or withholding necessary blood transfusion from a Jehovah's witness are not clarified. Competent adult patients cannot be treated against their will. Children and unconscious patients must be treated according to "jus necessitatis". Whether a competent advance directive from a patient before an operation in general anaesthesia can be or must be respected is legally obscure. Final clarification of the patients' rights and the physicians' legal status could be obtained by an amendment to the existing Practice of Medicine Acts as proposed in the report (1184) from the Danish Ministry of Justice. The ethical aspects of administering blood to or withholding blood from these patients are also complex. It is recommended to determine one's own attitude individually and to inform the patient about this before an operation.
耶和华见证会基于宗教信仰拒绝输血及血液制品，即便输血被认为是挽救生命所必需的。对这些患者的医疗救治给医生带来了伦理挑战。给耶和华见证会信徒输血或拒绝为其输注必要的血液制品，在法律层面尚不明确。有行为能力的成年患者不能违背其意愿接受治疗。儿童和无意识患者必须根据“紧急避险法”进行治疗。在全身麻醉手术前患者签署的有行为能力的预先指示是否能够或必须得到尊重，在法律上并不明确。通过丹麦司法部报告（1184）中提议的对现行《医疗行为法》进行修订，可最终明确患者的权利及医生的法律地位。给这些患者输血或不输血的伦理问题也很复杂。建议个人自行确定自己的态度，并在手术前告知患者。
