All-Russian Williams Fodder Crop Research Institute, 141055, Lobnya, Moscow Region, Russia.
Theor Appl Genet. 2010 Apr;120(6):1253-63. doi: 10.1007/s00122-009-1253-5. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a diploid (2n = 14), self-incompatible legume that is widely cultivated as a forage legume in cold geographical regions. Because it is a short-lived perennial species, improvement of plant persistency is the most important objective for red clover breeding. To develop a marker-assisted selection (MAS) approach for red clover, we identified candidate QTLs related to plant persistency. Two full-sib mapping populations, 272 x WF1680 and HR x R130, were used for QTL identification. Resistance to Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Fusarium species, as well as to winter hardiness, was investigated in the laboratory and in field experiments in Moscow region (Russia), and Sapporo (Japan). With the genotype data derived from microsatellite and other DNA markers, candidate QTLs were identified by simple interval mapping (SIM), Kruskal-Wallis analysis (KW analysis) and genotype matrix mapping (GMM). A total of 10 and 23 candidate QTL regions for plant persistency were identified in the 272 x WF1680 and the HR x R130 mapping populations, respectively. The QTLs identified by multiple mapping approaches were mapped on linkage group (LG) 3 and LG6. The significant QTL interactions identified by GMM explained the higher phenotypic variation than single effect QTLs. Identification of haplotypes having positive effect QTLs in each parent were first demonstrated in this study for pseudo-testcross mapping populations in plant species using experimental data.
红三叶草（Trifolium pratense L.）是一种二倍体（2n = 14）、自交不亲和的豆科植物，广泛种植于寒冷地区作为饲料豆科植物。由于它是一种短命的多年生物种，提高植物的持久性是红三叶草育种的最重要目标。为了开发红三叶草的标记辅助选择（MAS）方法，我们鉴定了与植物持久性相关的候选 QTL。使用两个全同胞作图群体 272 x WF1680 和 HR x R130 进行 QTL 鉴定。在实验室和俄罗斯莫斯科地区以及日本札幌的田间试验中研究了对 Sclerotinia trifoliorum 和 Fusarium 物种的抗性以及对冬季抗寒性。利用微卫星和其他 DNA 标记的基因型数据，通过简单区间作图（SIM）、Kruskal-Wallis 分析（KW 分析）和基因型矩阵作图（GMM）鉴定候选 QTL。在 272 x WF1680 和 HR x R130 作图群体中分别鉴定出 10 和 23 个与植物持久性相关的候选 QTL 区域。通过多种作图方法鉴定的 QTL 定位在连锁群（LG）3 和 LG6 上。GMM 鉴定的显著 QTL 相互作用解释了比单个效应 QTL 更高的表型变异。本研究首次在植物物种的拟测交作图群体中利用实验数据鉴定了具有正效应 QTL 的单倍型。
