Preminger G M
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Southwestern Medical School, Dallas 75235.
Am J Kidney Dis. 1991 Apr;17(4):431-5. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(12)80637-8.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy has significantly altered the management of symptomatic renal and ureteral calculi. Yet in an effort to limit the potentially harmful effects of shock waves, while still maintaining or maximizing stone fragmentation, one must understand basic shock wave physics. This report presents a brief overview of the physical properties of shock waves and describes three different areas of shock wave physics investigation: measurement of shock wave pressures, assessment of stone fragmentation, and development of a stone phantom to allow the comparison of various lithotripsy devices. It is only through additional study of the basic physics of high-energy shock waves that we will be able to further enhance the clinical benefits of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Further understanding of the individual characteristics of a shock wave pressure field such as peak positive pressure, peak negative pressure, pulse duration, and size/shape of the focal region will allow the subsequent enhancement of stone fragmentation while minimizing the potential for shock wave injury to surrounding tissues.
体外冲击波碎石术显著改变了有症状的肾和输尿管结石的治疗方式。然而，为了限制冲击波的潜在有害影响，同时仍保持或最大化结石破碎效果，人们必须了解基本的冲击波物理学原理。本报告简要概述了冲击波的物理特性，并描述了冲击波物理学研究的三个不同领域：冲击波压力的测量、结石破碎的评估以及用于比较各种碎石设备的结石模型的开发。只有通过对高能冲击波基本物理学的进一步研究，我们才能进一步提高体外冲击波碎石术的临床益处。进一步了解冲击波压力场的个体特征，如正峰值压力、负峰值压力、脉冲持续时间以及焦点区域的大小/形状，将有助于在使周围组织受到冲击波损伤的可能性最小化的同时，增强结石破碎效果。
