Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U756, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2010 Apr;298(4):C776-85. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00507.2009. Epub 2010 Jan 20.
Macroautophagy is a vacuolar degradation pathway that terminates in the lysosomal compartment after formation of a cytoplasmic vacuole or autophagosome that engulfs macromolecules and organelles. The identification of ATG (autophagy-related) genes that are involved in the formation of autophagosomes has greatly increased our knowledge of the molecular basis of macroautophagy, and its roles in cell function, which extend far beyond degradation and quality control of the cytoplasm. Macroautophagy, which plays a major role in tissue homeostasis, is now recognized as contributing to innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, several mediators of apoptosis have been shown to control macroautophagy. Deciphering the cross talk between macroautophagy and apoptosis probably should help increase understanding of the role of macroautophagy in human disease and is likely to be of therapeutic importance.
自噬是一种溶酶体降解途径，在形成细胞质空泡或自噬体后终止，自噬体吞噬大分子和细胞器。自噬相关（ATG）基因的鉴定极大地增加了我们对巨自噬分子基础的认识，以及它在细胞功能中的作用，远远超出了细胞质的降解和质量控制。巨自噬在组织动态平衡中起着主要作用，现在被认为有助于先天和适应性免疫反应。最近，已经有几种凋亡介质被证明可以控制巨自噬。解析巨自噬和凋亡之间的串扰可能有助于增加对巨自噬在人类疾病中的作用的理解，并且可能具有治疗意义。
