Institute of Neuroscience and MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Neuroscience Research Center of Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Glia. 2010 Apr 15;58(6):716-29. doi: 10.1002/glia.20957.
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are the glial cells that derive from the olfactory placode, envelop olfactory axons in the course of migration from the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulb and reside primarily in the olfactory nerve layer. OECs transplantation as a promising experimental therapy for axonal injuries has been intensively studied; however, little is known about their roles in olfactory bulb development. In this study, we examined the effects of OECs on the migration of neural progenitors in rostral migratory stream (RMS). Initially, the neurosphere migration assay showed that OEC-conditioned medium promoted progenitors to migrate from RMS neurospheres in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, co-culturing OECs nearby the RMS explants led to asymmetric migration of explants in different developing stages. However, OECs could influence the migration in a distance not further than 1.5 mm. Finally, slice assay that mimic the circumstance in vivo revealed that OECs had a chemoattractive activity on RMS neural progenitors. Together, these results demonstrate that OECs attract neural progenitors in RMS through the release of diffusible factors and it is likely that OECs mainly influence radial migration in the olfactory bulb but not tangential migration of the RMS invivo during development. This suggests a previously unknown function for OECs in olfactory development and a novel mechanism underlying the targeting of RMS cells.
嗅鞘细胞（OECs）是由嗅基板衍生而来的神经胶质细胞，在嗅轴突从嗅上皮迁移到嗅球的过程中包裹嗅轴突，并主要存在于嗅神经层。OECs 移植作为一种有前途的轴突损伤实验治疗方法已得到深入研究；然而，人们对其在嗅球发育中的作用知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们研究了 OECs 对嗅球迁移流（RMS）中神经祖细胞迁移的影响。最初，神经球迁移实验表明，OEC 条件培养基以浓度依赖的方式促进祖细胞从 RMS 神经球中迁移。此外，将 OECs 共培养在 RMS 外植体附近，导致不同发育阶段的外植体以不对称的方式迁移。然而，OEC 可以影响距离不超过 1.5 毫米的迁移。最后，模拟体内情况的切片实验表明，OEC 对 RMS 神经祖细胞具有趋化活性。总之，这些结果表明，OECs 通过释放可扩散因子吸引 RMS 中的神经祖细胞，并且 OECs 可能主要影响嗅球中的放射状迁移，而不是发育过程中 RMS 的切向迁移。这表明 OECs 在嗅觉发育中具有以前未知的功能，并为 RMS 细胞的靶向提供了新的机制。
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