Coe Helen, Michalak Marek
Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7.
Gen Physiol Biophys. 2009;28 Spec No Focus:F96-F103.
The endoplasmic reticulum is a major Ca(2+) store of the cell that impacts many cellular processes within the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum has roles in lipid and sterol synthesis, protein folding, post-translational modification and secretion and these functions are affected by intraluminal endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+). In the endoplasmic reticulum there are several Ca(2+) buffering chaperones including calreticulin, Grp94, BiP and protein disulfide isomerase. Calreticulin is one of the major Ca(2+) binding/buffering chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum. It has a critical role in Ca(2+) signalling in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and this has significant impacts on many Ca(2+)-dependent pathways including control of transcription during embryonic development. In addition to Ca(2+) buffering, calreticulin plays important role in the correct folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins.
内质网是细胞内主要的Ca(2+)储存库，影响细胞内许多细胞过程。内质网在脂质和固醇合成、蛋白质折叠、翻译后修饰和分泌中发挥作用，这些功能受内质网腔内Ca(2+)的影响。内质网中有几种Ca(2+)缓冲伴侣蛋白，包括钙网蛋白、Grp94、BiP和蛋白质二硫键异构酶。钙网蛋白是内质网中主要的Ca(2+)结合/缓冲伴侣蛋白之一。它在内质网腔的Ca(2+)信号传导中起关键作用，这对许多Ca(2+)依赖性途径有重大影响，包括胚胎发育过程中的转录控制。除了Ca(2+)缓冲外，钙网蛋白在新合成糖蛋白的正确折叠和质量控制中也发挥重要作用。
