Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz 51666-14776, Iran.
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2010 Feb;6(2):133-52. doi: 10.1517/17425250903426164.
Molybdenum hydroxylases, aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are metalloflavoproteins that catalyze both oxidation and reduction of a broad range of drugs and other xenobiotics indicating the importance of these enzymes in drug oxidation, detoxification and activation. Both enzymes are also involved in some physiological processes and also the metabolism of some endogenous compounds which may indicate their important roles in in vivo conditions. Superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide produced during molybdenum hydroxylases-catalyzed reactions may be relevant in various disease conditions. Therefore, the interference with the function of molybdenum hydroxylases could be of great importance. Flavonoids are a large group of polyphenolic compounds that are able to interfere with xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase function. As flavonoids are consumed in high content in our daily life, their potential to interfere with molybdenum hydroxylases could be a serious concern for consumer safety. However, the subject has not received enough attention and has usually been overshadowed by that of cytochrome P450 as the most important drug metabolizing enzyme system. The present review focuses on the different aspects of flavonoids interaction with molybdenum hydroxylases considering literature published mainly in the last 2 decades. The review also provides insight into some research areas that may offer a great potential for future studies.
钼羟化酶、醛氧化酶和黄嘌呤氧化酶是金属黄素蛋白，能够催化广泛的药物和其他外源化合物的氧化和还原，表明这些酶在药物氧化、解毒和激活中具有重要作用。这两种酶还参与一些生理过程和一些内源性化合物的代谢，这可能表明它们在体内条件下的重要作用。钼羟化酶催化反应过程中产生的超氧自由基和过氧化氢可能与各种疾病状况有关。因此，干扰钼羟化酶的功能可能非常重要。类黄酮是一大类多酚化合物，能够干扰黄嘌呤氧化酶和醛氧化酶的功能。由于类黄酮在我们的日常生活中大量消耗，它们对钼羟化酶的潜在干扰可能会对消费者安全构成严重威胁。然而，这个主题没有得到足够的关注，通常被 CYP450 所掩盖，后者是最重要的药物代谢酶系统。本综述主要关注文献中发表的过去 20 年来类黄酮与钼羟化酶相互作用的不同方面。该综述还深入探讨了一些可能为未来研究提供巨大潜力的研究领域。
