Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation, Greenwood Village, CO 80111, USA.
Brain Res. 2010 Mar 19;1321:67-77. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.01.043. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
Children who are over-responsive to sensation have defensive and "fight or flight" reactions to ordinary levels of sensory stimulation in the environment. Based on clinical observations, sensory over-responsivity is hypothesized to reflect atypical neural integration of sensory input. To examine a possible underlying neural mechanism of the disorder, integration of simultaneous multisensory auditory and somatosensory stimulation was studied in twenty children with sensory over-responsivity (SOR) using event-related potentials (ERPs). Three types of sensory stimuli were presented and ERPs were recorded from thirty-two scalp electrodes while participants watched a silent cartoon: bilateral auditory clicks, right somatosensory median nerve electrical pulses, or both simultaneously. The paradigm was passive; no behavioral responses were required. To examine integration, responses to simultaneous multisensory auditory-somatosensory stimulation were compared to the sum of unisensory auditory plus unisensory somatosensory responses in four time-windows: (60-80 ms, 80-110 ms, 110-150 ms, and 180-220 ms). Specific midline and lateral electrode sites were examined over scalp regions where auditory-somatosensory integration was expected based on previous studies. Midline electrode sites (Fz, Cz, and Pz) showed significant integration during two time-windows: 60-80 ms and 180-220 ms. Significant integration was also found at contralateral electrode site (C3) for the time-window between 180 and 220 ms. At ipsilateral electrode sites (C4 and CP6), no significant integration was found during any of the time-windows (i.e. the multisensory ERP was not significantly different from the summed unisensory ERP). These results demonstrate that MSI can be reliably measured in children with SOR and provide evidence that multisensory auditory-somatosensory input is integrated during both early and later stages of sensory information processing, mainly over fronto-central scalp regions.
对感觉过度敏感的儿童对环境中普通水平的感官刺激会产生防御性和“战斗或逃跑”反应。基于临床观察，感觉过度敏感被假设反映了感觉输入的非典型神经整合。为了研究该障碍的潜在神经机制，使用事件相关电位（ERP）研究了 20 名感觉过度敏感（SOR）儿童对同时多感官听觉和躯体感觉刺激的整合。三种类型的感觉刺激被呈现，参与者观看无声卡通时，从 32 个头皮电极记录 ERP：双侧听觉点击，右侧躯体感觉正中神经电脉冲，或两者同时。该范式是被动的；不需要行为反应。为了检查整合，将同时多感官听觉-躯体感觉刺激的反应与四个时间窗口中的单感觉听觉加单感觉躯体感觉反应的总和进行比较：（60-80ms、80-110ms、110-150ms 和 180-220ms）。基于先前的研究，在预期听觉-躯体感觉整合的头皮区域的特定中线和侧线电极位置检查了特定的中线和侧线电极位置。中线电极部位（Fz、Cz 和 Pz）在两个时间窗口中显示出明显的整合：60-80ms 和 180-220ms。在 180-220ms 的时间窗口中，也在对侧电极部位（C3）发现了明显的整合。在同侧电极部位（C4 和 CP6），在任何时间窗口都没有发现明显的整合（即多感觉 ERP 与总和单感觉 ERP 没有显著差异）。这些结果表明，可以在 SOR 儿童中可靠地测量 MSI，并提供证据表明多感官听觉-躯体感觉输入在感觉信息处理的早期和后期阶段都得到整合，主要是在前额-中央头皮区域。
