Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Nutrition. 2010 Nov-Dec;26(11-12):1105-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.09.010. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
Fish oil has anti-inflammatory actions that may benefit periodontal health. We investigated the longitudinal relation between dietary ω-3 fatty acids (FAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to periodontal disease in community-dwelling elderly.
Fifty-five participants aged 74 y were randomly selected from a longitudinal interdisciplinary study of aging. Dietary intake data were obtained by a 3-d weighed food intake. The dietary intakes of energy, DHA, and EPA were calculated based on the Standard Food Composition Tables in Japan. Dental examinations were carried out at baseline and once a year for 5 y. The number of teeth with periodontal progression over 5 y per person was calculated as "periodontal disease events." Negative binomial regression analysis was conducted, which included DHA, EPA, and other covariates as independent variables to estimate the influence on periodontal disease events. Longitudinal data were analyzed for participants for whom data were available for 5 y (n=36).
Low DHA intake was significantly associated with more periodontal disease events. The mean number of periodontal disease events for participants who consumed the lowest tertile of DHA was approximately 1.5 times larger (lowest tertile, incidence rate ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.01-2.21) than the reference group (highest tertile of DHA consumption), after simultaneously adjusting for possible confounders.
The findings suggest there may be an inverse, independent relation of dietary DHA intake to the progression of periodontal disease in older people.
鱼油具有抗炎作用，可能有益于牙周健康。我们研究了饮食 ω-3 脂肪酸（FA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）与社区老年人牙周病之间的纵向关系。
从一项老龄化的纵向多学科研究中随机选择 55 名年龄为 74 岁的参与者。通过为期 3 天的称重食物摄入量来获取饮食摄入数据。根据日本标准食物成分表计算能量、DHA 和 EPA 的饮食摄入量。在基线和 5 年内每年进行一次牙科检查。计算每个人在 5 年内牙周病进展的牙齿数量，作为“牙周病事件”。采用负二项回归分析，将 DHA、EPA 和其他协变量作为自变量，以估计对牙周病事件的影响。对 5 年内数据可用的 36 名参与者进行了纵向数据分析。
低 DHA 摄入与更多的牙周病事件显著相关。在同时调整了可能的混杂因素后，DHA 摄入量最低三分位组的参与者的牙周病事件平均数量大约是参考组（DHA 摄入量最高三分位组）的 1.5 倍（最低三分位组，发病率比 1.49，95%置信区间 1.01-2.21）。
研究结果表明，饮食 DHA 摄入与老年人牙周病的进展之间可能存在独立的反比关系。
