Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA02115, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA02115, USA.
Br J Nutr. 2021 Dec 14;126(11):1698-1708. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520005231. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
The long-term inflammatory impact of diet could potentially elevate the risk of periodontal disease through modification of systemic inflammation. The aim of the present study was to prospectively investigate the associations between a food-based, reduced rank regression (RRR)-derived, empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and incidence of periodontitis. The study population was composed of 34 940 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, who were free of periodontal disease and major illnesses at baseline (1986). Participants provided medical and dental history through mailed questionnaires every 2 years and dietary data through validated semi-quantitative FFQ every 4 years. We used Cox proportional hazard models to examine the associations between EDIP scores and validated self-reported incidence of periodontal disease over a 24-year follow-up period. No overall association between EDIP and the risk of periodontitis was observed; the hazard ratio comparing the highest EDIP quintile (most proinflammatory diet) with the lowest quintile was 0·99 (95 % CI 0·89, 1·10, P-value for trend = 0·97). A secondary analysis showed that among obese non-smokers (i.e. never and former smokers at baseline), the hazard ratio for periodontitis comparing the highest EDIP quintile with the lowest was 1·39 (95 % CI 0·98, 1·96, P-value for trend = 0·03). In conclusion, no overall association was detected between EDIP and incidence of self-reported periodontitis in the study population. From the subgroups evaluated, EDIP was significantly associated with increased risk of periodontitis only among non-smokers who were obese. Hence, this association must be interpreted with caution.
饮食的长期炎症影响可能通过全身炎症的改变来增加牙周病的风险。本研究的目的是前瞻性研究基于食物的简化等级回归（RRR）衍生的经验性饮食炎症模式（EDIP）与牙周炎发病之间的关系。研究人群由 34940 名来自卫生专业人员随访研究的男性组成，他们在基线时（1986 年）没有牙周病和重大疾病。参与者通过邮寄问卷每 2 年提供一次医疗和牙科史，每 4 年通过经过验证的半定量 FFQ 提供一次饮食数据。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型来检查 EDIP 评分与 24 年随访期间经过验证的自我报告牙周病发病之间的关系。未观察到 EDIP 与牙周炎风险之间存在总体关联；与最低 EDIP 五分位数（最促炎饮食）相比，最高 EDIP 五分位数的风险比为 0.99（95%CI 0.89，1.10，趋势检验 P 值=0.97）。二次分析显示，在肥胖非吸烟者中（即基线时从不吸烟和前吸烟者），与最低 EDIP 五分位数相比，最高 EDIP 五分位数的牙周炎风险比为 1.39（95%CI 0.98，1.96，趋势检验 P 值=0.03）。总之，在研究人群中，EDIP 与自我报告的牙周炎发病之间未检测到总体关联。从评估的亚组来看，仅在肥胖且不吸烟的人群中，EDIP 与牙周炎风险增加显著相关。因此，必须谨慎解释这种关联。
