Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601, USA.
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2010 Jan-Feb;50(1):84-6. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2010.09006.
To compare the accuracy and precision of a manufacturer-supplied dropper versus a pharmacy-supplied syringe when measured by a trained student pharmacist and to evaluate patients' ability to accurately measure a prescribed amount of medication with these devices before and after counseling on their use.
This was a two-phased study with a pretest/posttest design of 125 community pharmacy patrons of Virginia community pharmacies. Deliverable volume was measured by a student pharmacist for nystatin suspension and digoxin elixir using the manufactured-supplied device. Patients at pharmacies were asked to complete a short survey, then asked to measure a specified dose of nystatin suspension and digoxin elixir (using the manufacturer-supplied administration device). The patients repeated this a second time after a student provided education on how to properly use each administration device. The main outcomes measure was whether education on an administration device would provide more measurement accuracy using medications with different physical properties.
For nystatin, 88% and 85.6% of patients measured with an error of greater than or equal to 20% before and after counseling, respectively. For digoxin, the totals were 24.8% before counseling and 4% after. A statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference was observed in the percent measurement error before and after counseling for nystatin and digoxin both for patients who had been educated before the study and for those who had not been counseled.
In general, the accuracy of medication dosage devices seems to be most affected by viscosity of the liquid being measured. With education on proper use, the oral syringe provides a statistically and clinically significant improvement in dosing accuracy for viscous medications compared with the manufacturer-supplied dropper. Pharmacists must review with patients the proper way to use a manufacturer- or pharmacy-supplied oral delivery device for appropriate dosing measurements.
比较由经过培训的学生药剂师使用制造商提供的滴管与药房提供的注射器进行测量时的准确性和精密度，并评估患者在接受使用这些设备的咨询前后，是否能够准确测量规定剂量的药物。
这是一项两阶段研究，采用 125 名弗吉尼亚社区药房的社区药房顾客的预测试/后测试设计。使用制造商提供的设备，由学生药剂师测量制霉菌素混悬液和地高辛酏剂的输送量。要求药房的患者填写一份简短的调查问卷，然后要求他们测量指定剂量的制霉菌素混悬液和地高辛酏剂（使用制造商提供的给药装置）。在学生提供有关如何正确使用每种给药装置的教育后，患者再次重复该操作。主要结局测量指标是，关于给药装置的教育是否会提高不同物理特性药物的测量准确性。
对于制霉菌素，分别有 88%和 85.6%的患者在咨询前后的测量误差大于或等于 20%。对于地高辛，咨询前的总数为 24.8%，咨询后为 4%。对于接受过教育的患者和未接受过咨询的患者，在接受咨询前后，制霉菌素和地高辛的测量误差百分比均有统计学显著差异（P<0.05）。
一般来说，药物剂量装置的准确性似乎最受所测液体粘度的影响。经过正确使用的教育，与制造商提供的滴管相比，口腔注射器在粘性药物的剂量准确性方面提供了统计学和临床意义上的显著改善。药剂师必须向患者审查使用制造商或药房提供的口服给药装置进行适当剂量测量的正确方法。
