Mus-Veteau Isabelle
Institut of Developmental Biology and Cancer, UMR CNRS, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;601:1-16. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60761-344-2_1.
Membrane proteins (MPs) are responsible for the interface between the exterior and the interior of the cell. These proteins are involved in numerous diseases, like cancer, cystic fibrosis, epilepsy, hyperinsulinism, heart failure, hypertension and Alzheimer disease. However, studies of these disorders are hampered by a lack of structural information about the proteins involved. Structural analysis requires large quantities of pure and active proteins. The majority of medically and pharmaceutically relevant MPs are present in tissues at low concentration, which makes heterologous expression in large-scale production-adapted cells a prerequisite for structural studies. Obtaining mammalian MP structural data depends on the development of methods that allow the production of large quantities of MPs. This review focuses on the heterologous expression systems now available to produce large amounts of MPs for structural proteomics, and describes the strategies that allowed the determination of the structure of the first heterologously expressed mammalian MPs.
膜蛋白（MPs）负责细胞外部与内部之间的界面。这些蛋白质与多种疾病有关，如癌症、囊性纤维化、癫痫、高胰岛素血症、心力衰竭、高血压和阿尔茨海默病。然而，由于缺乏有关所涉及蛋白质的结构信息，对这些疾病的研究受到了阻碍。结构分析需要大量纯净且有活性的蛋白质。大多数与医学和药学相关的膜蛋白在组织中的浓度较低，这使得在大规模生产适应性细胞中进行异源表达成为结构研究的先决条件。获得哺乳动物膜蛋白结构数据依赖于能够大量生产膜蛋白的方法的开发。本综述重点关注目前可用于为结构蛋白质组学生产大量膜蛋白的异源表达系统，并描述了用于确定首个异源表达的哺乳动物膜蛋白结构的策略。
