Athanasiov Paul A, Edussuriya K, Senaratne T, Sennanayake S, Sullivan T, Selva D, Casson R J
Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide and South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Adelaide, South Australia.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2010 Jan-Feb;17(1):34-40. doi: 10.3109/09286580903324900.
To estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for cataracts in the Kandy District of central Sri Lanka.
A population-based, cross-sectional ophthalmic survey of the inhabitants of rural villages in central Sri Lanka was conducted; 1375 individuals participated (79.9%; age > or = 40 years, average age 57) and 1318 (95.9%) had an examinable lens in at least one eye. Data collection included district, age, occupation, education level, smoking history, height, weight and dilated lens assessment using Lens Opacities Classification System III grading: nuclear (> or =4), cortical (> or =2) and posterior subcapsular (> or =2) cataracts. Aphakic and pseudophakic eyes were included as operated cataracts for statistical analysis.
The prevalence of any cataract including operated eyes was 33.1% (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 22.4-43.7%): 26.0% cortical; 7.9% posterior sub-capsular and 4.5% nuclear cataracts. No significant association was found between cataract and gender, smoking or outdoor occupation. Low level of education (secondary or higher vs no education: Odds Ratio (OR) 0.6, CI 0.4-0.9, P = 0.04) and shorter stature were associated with a higher likelihood of any cataract (OR 1.7, CI 1.1-2.7, P = 0.02).
The overall prevalence of cataract in central Sri Lanka is similar to that in other developing Asian regions except for the unusually low prevalence of nuclear cataract. Illiteracy and height appear to be significant predictors for cataract in this population and further investigation is required to explore their influence.
评估斯里兰卡中部康提地区白内障的患病率及危险因素。
对斯里兰卡中部乡村居民进行了一项基于人群的横断面眼科调查；1375人参与调查（参与率79.9%；年龄≥40岁，平均年龄57岁），其中1318人（95.9%）至少一只眼睛有可检查的晶状体。数据收集包括地区、年龄、职业、教育水平、吸烟史、身高、体重以及使用晶状体混浊分类系统III分级对晶状体进行散瞳评估：核性白内障（≥4级）、皮质性白内障（≥2级）和后囊下白内障（≥2级）。无晶状体眼和人工晶状体眼作为已手术的白内障纳入统计分析。
包括已手术眼在内的任何白内障患病率为33.1%（95%置信区间（CI），22.4 - 43.7%）：皮质性白内障26.0%；后囊下白内障7.9%；核性白内障4.5%。未发现白内障与性别、吸烟或户外职业之间存在显著关联。低教育水平（中学及以上学历与未受过教育相比：优势比（OR）0.6，CI 0.4 - 0.9，P = 0.04）和身材较矮与任何白内障的发生可能性较高相关（OR 1.7，CI 1.1 - 2.7，P = 0.02）。
斯里兰卡中部白内障的总体患病率与其他亚洲发展中地区相似，但核性白内障患病率异常低。文盲和身高似乎是该人群白内障的重要预测因素，需要进一步调查以探讨其影响。
