Paul Padma, Antonisamy Belavendra, John Neena, Braganza Andrew, Kuriakose Thomas, Isaac Rita, Abraham Lekha, Amritanand Anika, Samuel Prasanna, Chelliah Hepsy Y, Magdalene Nancy, Cherry Jophy Philips, Paul Thomas V, Jebasingh Felix, Arulappan Geetanjali, Thomas Nihal, Vasan Senthil K, Murthy G V S, Gilbert Clare
Department of Ophthalmology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India.
Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India.
Eye (Lond). 2025 Jun 13. doi: 10.1038/s41433-025-03836-9.
To estimate the prevalence and determine predictors of lens opacities (LO) among South Asian Indians aged 41-44 years.
This cross-sectional study included 1080 participants from the Vellore Birth Cohort, Vellore, South India. All underwent anthropometric measurements, detailed ophthalmic examination including assessment of LO by LOCS III classification and biochemical metabolic measurements. 'Any cataract' was defined as any opacity type with a score of >2 or evidence of cataract surgery in either eye. Data collected included information on ocular history, life-style factors, socio-economic and educational status, cooking fuel and sunlight exposure. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between risk predictors and LO.
The mean age (SD) of participants was 41.8 (1.0) years; 53.8% were male and 50% were rural residents. The overall prevalence of 'any cataract' was 13.8% (148/1075, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.8,16.0). The types of cataract were nuclear 59.1%, cortical 16.9%, posterior subcapsular 4.1%, mixed cataracts 18.9% and pseudophakia 0.7%. Increased risk for LO was observed with a history of asthma (OR 4.51; 95% CI 2.1, 9.7), HbA1C of ≥6.5% (OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.4, 3.7), hypertension (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.1, 2.7) and, in a subgroup (n = 372), lower 25(OH) vitamin D levels (≤20 ng/dL)(OR 5.56; 95% CI 2.3, 13.2).
The high prevalence of LO at a relatively young age in South Asian Indians suggests earlier onset of ageing. History of asthma, higher HbA1C, hypertension and lower 25(OH) vitamin D levels were associated with LO.
评估41 - 44岁南亚印度人群中晶状体混浊（LO）的患病率并确定其预测因素。
这项横断面研究纳入了来自印度南部韦洛尔出生队列的1080名参与者。所有人都接受了人体测量、详细的眼科检查，包括通过LOCS III分类评估LO以及生化代谢测量。“任何白内障”被定义为任何一种混浊类型评分>2或有任何一只眼睛白内障手术的证据。收集的数据包括眼部病史、生活方式因素、社会经济和教育状况、烹饪燃料和阳光暴露情况。采用多变量逻辑回归分析来检验风险预测因素与LO之间的关联。
参与者的平均年龄（标准差）为41.8（1.0）岁；53.8%为男性，50%为农村居民。“任何白内障”的总体患病率为13.8%（148/1075，95%置信区间（CI）11.8,16.0）。白内障类型为核性59.1%、皮质性16.9%、后囊下4.1%、混合性白内障18.9%和人工晶状体眼0.7%。有哮喘病史（比值比4.51；95% CI 2.1, 9.7）、糖化血红蛋白≥6.5%（比值比2.29；95% CI 1.4, 3.7）、高血压（比值比1.73；95% CI 1.1, 2.7）以及在一个亚组（n = 372）中25（OH）维生素D水平较低（≤20 ng/dL）（比值比5.56；95% CI 2.3, 13.2）的人群中，LO风险增加。
南亚印度人在相对年轻时LO的高患病率表明衰老提前发生。哮喘病史、较高的糖化血红蛋白、高血压和较低的25（OH）维生素D水平与LO相关。
