Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue MC3077, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Apr;12(4):449-53. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp214. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
Stress is thought to influence use of drugs, including cigarette smoking, but the mechanisms by which it does so are not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of acute psychosocial stress on cigarette craving, the subjective effects of smoking, and smoking behavior in daily smokers.
Healthy male and female smokers participated in two experimental sessions in which they were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test or a nonstressful control task. For 2 hr after each task, they had repeated opportunities to either smoke or earn money. Physiological (heart rate, cortisol, and alpha-amylase) and subjective (anxiety and desire to smoke) measures were obtained before and after the tasks and after each smoking opportunity.
Stress significantly increased cigarette craving but it did not increase smoking. When individual differences in nicotine dependence were taken into account, stress influenced CO boost and pleasure from smoking the first cigarette.
Our results support previous evidence that acute psychosocial stress increases smoking desire.
压力被认为会影响药物的使用，包括吸烟，但它影响的机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们调查了急性心理社会压力对香烟渴望、吸烟的主观影响以及日常吸烟者吸烟行为的影响。
健康的男性和女性吸烟者参加了两个实验会议，他们在其中暴露于特里尔社会应激测试或非压力控制任务下。在每个任务之后的 2 小时内，他们有重复的机会吸烟或赚钱。在任务前后和每次吸烟机会后获得生理（心率、皮质醇和α-淀粉酶）和主观（焦虑和吸烟欲望）测量值。
压力显著增加了香烟渴望，但并没有增加吸烟。当考虑到尼古丁依赖的个体差异时，压力会影响 CO 提升和第一支香烟的吸烟快感。
我们的结果支持了先前的证据，即急性心理社会压力会增加吸烟欲望。
