Unit on Molecular Hormone Action, Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 May;21(5):277-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2009.12.011. Epub 2010 Jan 26.
Organisms have developed concurrent behavioral and physiological adaptations to the strong influence of day/night cycles, as well as to unforeseen, random stress stimuli. These circadian and stress-related responses are achieved by two highly conserved and interrelated regulatory networks, the circadian CLOCK and stress systems, which respectively consist of oscillating molecular pacemakers, the Clock/Bmal1 transcription factors, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its end-effector, the glucocorticoid receptor. These systems communicate with one another at different signaling levels and dysregulation of either system can lead to development of pathologic conditions. In this review, we summarize the mutual physiologic interactions between the circadian CLOCK system and the HPA axis, and discuss their clinical implications.
生物已经发展出了对日夜周期的强烈影响以及不可预见的随机应激刺激的同时的行为和生理适应。这些昼夜节律和应激相关的反应是通过两个高度保守和相互关联的调节网络实现的,即昼夜节律 CLOCK 和应激系统,它们分别由振荡分子节奏器、Clock/Bmal1 转录因子以及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴及其效应器——糖皮质激素受体组成。这些系统在不同的信号水平上相互交流,并且任何一个系统的失调都可能导致病理状况的发展。在这篇综述中,我们总结了昼夜节律 CLOCK 系统和 HPA 轴之间的相互生理相互作用,并讨论了它们的临床意义。